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Essential Networking Basics: Understanding Networks, Servers, and Protocols

Explore the fundamentals of computer networking, including network types, file servers, data protocols, shared peripherals, and communication methods. Learn about different network technologies, topologies, and operating systems to enhance your understanding of modern network infrastructures.

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Essential Networking Basics: Understanding Networks, Servers, and Protocols

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Section 7A Introduction to Computers

  2. Network • A group of connected computers that communicate, exchange information and share resources

  3. Benefits of Networks • Users access programs and data simultaneously • Users share printers and scanners • Users communicate more easily • Users backup their data more easily

  4. File Server • A computer that stores data files for networked users to access

  5. Two Kinds of File Access • Read-Only • Read/Write

  6. Levels of Access Rights or Policies • Write access • Supervisor access

  7. Ways to Share Software on a Network • Site license • Network version

  8. Shared Peripherals • Multiple users send print jobs to a printer at the same time using spooling

  9. Personal Communications • E-mail • Teleconferences • Videoconferences

  10. Backup • The network manager makes regular backups

  11. Two Types of Networks • Local area network (LAN) • Wide area network (WAN)

  12. Packet • Data is broken into small pieces--called packets--before being transmitted between networked computers

  13. Packet Parts • Header: has identifying information like type of data; data source and destination; and sequence number • Payload: has the transmitted data

  14. Protocol • Rules and formats for sending and receiving data along the LAN

  15. Kinds of Protocols • TCP/IP • IPX/SPX • NetBEUI

  16. Ways to Connect Similar LANs • Hub • Bridge • Router

  17. Gateway Connects Different LANs • A gateway reads a packet header from one type of network and then adds a second header understandable by the second network

  18. Other Networks • Campus Area Networks (CANs) • Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs) • Wide Area Networks (WANs)

  19. Node • A node is an individual computer on a network

  20. Client/Server Networks • Individual computers share the processing and storage workload with a central server

  21. Peer-to-Peer Networks • Sometimes called a workgroup • Nodes share files and data with each other vs. client/server networks, where nodes share files and data only with the server

  22. Network Features • Topology: Physical or logical layout of cables and devices that connect the network nodes • Media: wires and cables that carry data from source to destination • Bandwidth: amount of data media can carry

  23. Kinds of Topologies • Bus topology • Star topology • Ring topology • Mesh topology • Wireless topology

  24. Kinds of Media • Twisted-pair cable • Coaxial cable • Fiber-optic cable • Wireless networks

  25. Network Technology • Network technology is the kind of cabling equipment used to create a LAN

  26. Examples of Network Technology • Ethernet • Fast Ethernet • Gigabit Ethernet • Token Ring

  27. Network Software • The group of programs that manages the network resources is called the network operating system (NOS)

  28. Examples of NOSs • Novell NetWare • Microsoft Windows NT Server • Microsoft Windows 2000 • Microsoft XP • Microsoft .NET Server • Linux

  29. Section 7A • Networking Basics

  30. Review Questions • What is a network? • What is a file server? • What is a node? • What’s the difference between a client/server network and a peer-to-peer network?

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