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Pest of the Week Overview

Pest of the Week Overview. Kansas State University. Ward Upham. Chosen from April - October Each week we ask our Hort Agents to identify their most common pest problem We will cover these in chronological order We have three years of data. Problems Chosen from “Pest of the Week”.

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Pest of the Week Overview

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  1. Pest of the Week Overview Kansas State University Ward Upham

  2. Chosen from April - October Each week we ask our Hort Agents to identify their most common pest problem We will cover these in chronological order We have three years of data Problems Chosen from “Pest of the Week”

  3. Number of Needles per Fascicle Length of Needles Pine Identification

  4. Boxelder preferred host Maples and ash also commonly infested Boxelder Bugs Early April Host Plants Boxelder Bug Breeding Boxelder Bugs supposedly only feed on female Boxelder trees. Boxelder is dioecious. Other Acer species vary from dioecious (Striped Maple) to perfect flowers (Norway Maple) to red maple which may be primarily pistiallate, primarily staminate or monoecious.

  5. Piercing-sucking mouthparts Feed on flowers, fruits, foliage and tender twigs Boxelder Bugs

  6. Nuisance in fall when they try to move into buildings Control Remove nearby boxelder trees. Seal gaps, cracks and other places of entry. Can try spraying insecticides such as cyfluthrin or permethrin near suspected areas of entry. Insects inside can be vacuumed up. Be sure to dispose of the bag. Boxelder Bugs

  7. Henbit and Other Winter Annuals Mid April Henbit

  8. Henbit and Other Winter Annuals Mid April Chickweed

  9. Best to spray in fall Use 2,4-D or combination product (Trimec, Weed-Out, Weed-B-Gon, Weed Free Zone, Speed Zone) Winter Annual Control Henbit Chickweed

  10. In early spring, use Weed Free Zone, Speed Zone, Trimec, Weed-Out, Weed-B- Gon or other combination product with 2,4-D, MCPP and Dicamba In late spring, much more difficult to control. Will die naturally when weather turns hot. Winter Annual Control

  11. Junipers Apples or crabapples Cedar-Apple Rust Mid-Late April

  12. Must have both plants present for disease to occur. However, juniper removal is usually not practical as all junipers within ½ to 2 miles of apples would have to be eliminated. Juniper - though disease unsightly on juniper, will generally not cause serious damage. Apple - can cause premature defoliation and thereby weaken tree. Cedar-Apple Rust Background

  13. In late spring or early summer, yellow-orange spots appear on the leaves. Cedar-Apple Rust Symptoms on Apple

  14. Eventually, tube-like projections form on bottom surface of the leaf. Cedar-Apple Rust Symptoms on Apple

  15. In late spring or early summer, yellow-orange spots appear on the leaves. Eventually, tube-like projections form on bottom surface of the leaf. Leaves with numerous spots drop during the summer. This stresses the tree and reduces fruit set and yield the following year. Cedar-Apple Rust Symptoms on Apple

  16. In late spring or early summer, yellow-orange spots appear on the leaves. Eventually, tube-like projections form on bottom surface of the leaf. Leaves with numerous spots drop during the summer. This stresses the tree and reduces fruit set and yield the following year. New leaves are formed if defoliation is severe enough. Cedar-Apple Rust Symptoms on Apple

  17. Produces reddish-brown galls on twigs of junipers that are ½ to 2 inches in diameter. Cedar-Apple Rust Symptoms on Juniper

  18. In April, galls swell and produce orange, one- inch long tendrils in a gelatinous mass during wet weather. Cedar-Apple Rust Symptoms on Juniper

  19. It takes two years for galls to develop. Galls only produce spores the second year. Cedar-Apple Rust Symptoms on Juniper

  20. Best control on crabapples is to plant resistant varieties. Varieties resistant to both scab and rust include: Donald Wyman Bob White Golden Raindrops Prairiefire Red Jewel Cedar-Apple Rust Recommendations for Crabapple

  21. First spray should be applied when orange tendrils on junipers appear. (Early April) Repeat applications as long as juniper galls remain active. (late May) Triadimefon (Bayleton, Green Light Fung-Away) propiconazole (Fertilome Liquid Systemic Fungicide), thiophanate methyl (Fertilome Halt) or myclobutanil (Immunox) Immunox labeled for both apples and crabapples and for both rust and scab Cedar-Apple Rust Spray Recommendations for Apples & Crabs

  22. Rarely sprayed because disease normally does not cause serious damage to junipers. If spray, apply three to four fungicide applications sprayed at 10-day intervals, beginning in early July. Can use Bordeaux mixture, ferbam, and Bayleton. Because galls take two years to develop, will not notice benefit until the second year. Cedar-Apple Rust Spray Recommendations for Junipers

  23. Austrian Ponderosa Mugo Dothistroma Needle Blight Host Plants April 28 and May 5

  24. Late summer to early fall, bands develop on needles with base remaining green Dothistroma Needle Blight Symptoms

  25. Late summer to early fall, bands develop on needles with base remaining green Current season’s growth usually not affected Most severe on lower portion of tree Dothistroma Needle Blight Symptoms

  26. Late winter to early spring, black fruiting structures rupture through the needle. Needles are dropped through rest of spring and summer. Dothistroma Needle Blight Symptoms

  27. Single fungicide app in early June is normally all that is needed. In severe cases, make two apps, first about mid- May and the second mid- to late June. Use copper fungicides such as Bordeaux, Tenn- Cop or Fertilome Copper Fungicide Dothistroma Needle Blight Control Recommendations

  28. Termites Mid May • Ants have narrow waist • Ants; one pair of wings longer than other • Ants have “elbowed” antennae

  29. Sycamore Anthracnose Mid May • Young leaves may wither and turn black. • Older leaves may have brown areas that follow the major veins of the leaf.

  30. Usually chemical controls unnecessary as tree will releaf. If want to control disease, use fixed coppers or Bordeaux mixture. Sometimes, professional arborists use a September injection of a fungicide such as Arbotect to protect sycamore trees that have a history of anthracnose. Inject 2 consecutive years. Anthracnose on Sycamore Recommendations

  31. Peach Leaf Curl Late May • Leaves swollen, distorted and have reddish hue.

  32. Peach Leaf Curl Late May • Single fungicide application will control. • Must apply in fall after leaf drop or early spring before bud swell. • Use chlorothalonil (Daconil), liquid lime sulfur or Bordeaux mixture.

  33. Ash Rust Early June • Associated with wet weather during the spring. • Can cause distortion & twisting of leaves & petioles. • No control necessary.

  34. Herbicide Drift June and July • If direct hit with liquid spray, destroy vegetables. • Vapor drift by 2,4-D: by time see symptoms, herbicide undetectable. (Don’t say it is safe!)

  35. Iron Chlorosis Mid June • Light green leaves with dark green veins. • Often see on pin oak. • High pH makes iron unavailable.

  36. Use chelated iron or iron sulfate as a spray on leaves. Apply in spring. Use iron sulfate or chelated iron in soil Normally lasts two to three years Apply when buds swell in spring Trunk injection with iron sulfate, iron chelate or iron citrate Response normally within 2 to 3 weeks if applied in spring Normally lasts 3 to 5 years NutriBooster available to homeowners Iron Chlorosis Treatment

  37. Millipedes Late June • Usually found in damp locations outside but can invade house. Need high moisture. • Caulk to eliminate entry sites. Can also treat a 3 foot band around outside of home with cyfluthrin (Home Pest Control Indoor & Outdoor Insect Killer) or permethrin (numerous trade names)

  38. Slime Mold on Turf Late June • Large numbers of small gray, white, or purple fruiting structures cover leaves during cool, humid weather. • Feeds on bacteria, other fungi and dead organic matter. • Remove with stream of water or broom.

  39. Brown Patch on Turf Early to Mid July Symptoms • Sometimes see smoke ring early in morning • Circular patches up to several feet in diameter

  40. Hot days and warm nights High nitrogen fertilization Wet leaf surfaces Tall Fescue - Brown Patch Conditions Favoring

  41. Often turf will recover without spraying Preventive sprays are more effective than curative First preventive sprays should go down about July 1 Use thiophanate methyl (Fertilome Halt), propiconazole (Fertilome Liquid Systemic Fungicide) and triadimefon (Bayer Fungus Control for Lawns, Green Light Fung-Away) Tall Fescue - Brown Patch Control

  42. Walnut Caterpillars Late July • Can defoliate walnuts (as well as pecans and hickories). • Can reduce health of tree if defoliated early enough.

  43. Walnut Caterpillars Late July • Immature Larvae Red and Mature Larvae Black • 2 Generations per Year, Molt on Trunk or Large Branch

  44. Extremely wide host range including fruit trees, tomatoes, marigolds, cucumbers, and melons Spider Mites Mid July - Early August

  45. Looking for webbing and stippling Spider Mites Mid July to Early August

  46. For vegetables, Kelthane most effective. For vegetables not on Kelthane label, use horticultural oils or insecticidal soaps For ornamentals, use bifenthrin (Ortho Rose & Flower Insect Killer) or lambda-cyhalothrin (Spectracide Triazicide) For houseplants, use bifenthrin (Ortho Rose & Flower Insect Killer) Spider Mite Control

  47. Junipers and arbovitae are favorites Can also attack other ornamental shrubs, shade, and forest trees. Bagworms Early August

  48. Bags look like Christmas ornaments. Bagworms Life Cycle

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