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Understanding Synecdoche: A Literary Figure of Speech Explained

Synecdoche is a literary device where a part represents the whole or the whole represents a part. This figure of speech enhances visual imagery in literature by allowing writers to convey broader meanings through specific elements. Common examples include using "sails" to represent a ship or "hands" to denote helpers. This concept is prevalent in English literature and used effectively in various contexts, including the film "Synecdoche, New York," where the city symbolizes an entire narrative within a confined space. Discover how synecdoche enriches language.

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Understanding Synecdoche: A Literary Figure of Speech Explained

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  1. Synecdoche Margo Masserman 3rd hour AP Lang Ms. Knudson

  2. Synecdoche (sin-eck-duh-kee): A figure of speech in which a part stands for a whole • There is an instance of synecdoche when the part that is mentioned suggests something else. • A synecdoche is a type of trope. When used in literature, it will add to the visual imagery of the passage. • A synecdoche may use part of something to represent the entire whole. • It may use an entire whole thing to represent a part of it.   • It can use a word or phrase as a class that will express less or more than the word or phrase actually means.   • It may use a group of things that refer to a larger group or use a large group to refer to a smaller group.   • A synecdoche may also refer to an object by the material it is made from or refer to the contents in a container by the name of the container.  

  3. Example 1 • “sail for ship, hands for helpers, roofs for houses” • This example demonstrates how the part is substituted for the whole. • “silver for money, canvas for sail, steel for sword” • Matter for what is made from it.

  4. Example 2 Using the whole to refer to a part is also common when using a synecdoche. • In the Olympics, you will hear that the United States won a gold medal. • This only means a team from the United States won, not the United States as a whole.

  5. Example 3 A part of something representing the whole: • The word “sails” is often referred to as the whole ship. • The word “wheels” refers to a car or any type of vehicle. • Synecdoche’s are found very often in the English language, or in any type of literature.

  6. Example 4 Another example of a synecdoche is the movie “Synecdoche, New York” made in 2008 In the movie there is several deep examples of a synecdoche that creates the entire plot. For example, in the movie New York (as a whole) is replicated within a large warehouse (a part). The main character represents mankind as a whole.

  7. Mnemonic • Synecdoche sounds similar to signature. John Hancock is a famous synecdoche meaning to sign your name. • Synecdoche sounds similar to the word connect. It means using a “connected” thing as a symbol. • SYNchronizingDICtion (words) through substitution= synecdoche

  8. Recourses • http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0383028/faq • http://makingthemovie.info/2008/11/synecdoche-new-york-explained.html • Figures of Speech packet

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