All living things are made of cells

2. All living things are made of cells Cells are the basic unit of structure and function All cells come from other cells 1. The three statements of the cell theory are ____________________________________________, _________________________________________, and ________________________________________. 2. An organism that is made up of only one cell is called a(n) ________________________ organism. 3. An organism that is made up of more than one cell is a __________________________ organism. 4. A ______________________ cell has a nucleus and a _______________________ cell does not. 5. Inside the cytoplasm, you will find the “little organs” of the cell called ____________________. unicellular multicellular eukaryote prokaryote organelle

3. Match the following organelles to their function. c manufactures proteins provides protection and structure for a plant cell gelatin-like substance found inside the cell where most of the work done by the cell takes place stores information/DNA for the cell semi-permeable layer that helps to control what enters and exits the cell packages and stores proteins and other materials for the cell Stores water for cells; larger in plant cells breaks down sugars to make energy for the cell converts light into sugar/food for the plant cell to use a maze of passageways that help to move material around the cell breaks down and destroys unwanted material inside of the cell D _____ 6. cytoplasm _____ 7. nucleus _____ 8. cell wall _____ 9. cell membrane _____ 10. mitochondria _____ 11. ribosomes _____ 12. lysosomes _____ 13. chloroplasts _____ 14. endoplasmic reticulum (ER) _____ 15. golgi apparatus/bodies/ complex _____ 16. vacuole B E H A K I J F G

4. respiration chloroplast mitochondria 19. When cells break down glucose to get energy, this is known as __________________. 20. Photosynthesis occurs in the _______________, and cellular respiration occurs in the ___________. 21. The raw materials for respiration are __________ and ____________ 22. The products of respiration are ______________, ________ and ____________. 23. __________ is the process by which molecules spread out. 24. _________ is the diffusion of water through a membrane. 25. The two types of active transport are _____________________ and _______________. sugar oxygen carbon dioxide Energy water Diffusion Osmosis transport proteins engulfing

5. chromosome interphase mitosis 26. When DNA condenses (winds up) around proteins, it forms a ________________________. 27. The cell cycle is broken down into 3 main periods (list in order): ___________, ________, and ____________. 28. The longest part of the cell cycle is ______________ and the shortest part is ____________. 29. During ___________, the DNA inside of the cell makes a copy of itself. 30. ________ is the stage of the cell cycle in which the nucleus divides. 31. The 4 stages of mitosis IN ORDER are _______________, __________________, ________________, and ___________________. cytokinesis interphase cytokinesis interphase Mitosis prophase metaphase anaphase telophase

6. diffusion osmosis anaphase 32. The two types of passive transport are _______________ and ___________. 33. In the __________________ stage of mitosis, the chromosomes are pulled apart toward opposite ends of the cell. 34. In the ____________ stage of mitosis, the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell. 35. In the _______________ stage of mitosis, DNA winds up into chromosomes and the nuclear membrane disintegrates. 36. In the ____________ stage of mitosis, the cell has two nuclei. 37. The period of the cell cycle that comes after mitosis is ______________. 38. The cell grows and develops during the ______________ part of the cell cycle. metaphase prophase telophase cytokinesis interphase

7. Label the plant cell with the following organelles: cytoplasm Cell wall • cytoplasm, cell wall, cell membrane, vacuole, nucleus, vesicle, mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, ER, golgi apparatus Cell Membrane Vacuole Nucleus ER Chloplast vesicle Ribisomes Golgi bodies Mitochondria

8. alcohol fermentaion Lactic acid fermentation Photosynthesis 39. The two ways cells can get energy without using oxygen are _____________________ and _________________________ .(causes muscle cramps!) 40. ___________________ is the opposite process of respiration. 41. Cancer begins with the ______________ of the DNA. 42. ____________ is a mass of abnormal cells that develop when cancerous cells divide. 43. The three common ways of treating cancer are ___________, _____________ and _________________. 44. The factors the lead to the development of cancer are 1)_______________, 2) _____________________ 3) _______________ and 4) ______________________ 45. Explain how cancer is different from the normal cell cycle. mutation A tumor surgery radiation chemotherapy family history chemical exposure radiation UV light Cancer is uncontrolled cell division.