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The Hitler Youth

Changing Life In Germany 1933-39. The Hitler Youth. ‘Those who have youth on their side control the future.’.

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The Hitler Youth

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  1. Changing Life In Germany 1933-39 The Hitler Youth ‘Those who have youth on their side control the future.’

  2. Even before they came to power in 1933, Nazi leaders had begun to organize groups that would train young people according to Nazi principles. By 1936, all “Aryan” children in Germany over the age of six were required to join a Nazi youth group. At ten, boys were initiated into the Jungvolk (Young People), and at 14 they were promoted to the Hitler Youth. Their sisters joined the Jungmädel(Young Girls) and were later promoted to the League of German Girls. Hitler hoped that “These young people will learn nothing else but how to think German and act German. . . . And they will never be free again, not in their whole lives.” In his book Mein Kampf, written in the 1920s, Hitler said: “Whoever has the youth has the future.”

  3. How Youths were Organized Boys 10 – 14 Years Old Deutsches Jungvolk – DJ (Pimpfen) German Young People (Cubs) Girls 10 – 14 Years Old Jungmadelbund – JM League of Young Girls Girls 14 - 18 Years Old Bund Deutscher Madel – BDM League of German Girls Boys 14 - 18 Years Old Hitler Jugend – HJ Hitler Youth

  4. Historical Background • The Hitler Youth movement emphasized: • activism, physical training, NAZI ideology, especially nationalism and racial concepts, and absolute obedience to Hitler and the NAZI Party • Hitler saw the Hitler Youth movement as a tool to hardening boys for their future role of soldiers. • He wanted a generation of "victorious active, daring youth, immune to pain."

  5. Hitler Youth Rules Members of the HJ must not be seen in uniform with girls Members of the HJ must not buy things at Jewish shops HJ members must ignore friends and parents while marching along as a HJ After reading through these rules, how much control do you think that the HJ had over the lives of young people within Nazi Germany? Rules taken from Nazi Power in Germany by Greg and Jean Thie, Hutchinson, 1989

  6. Youth becoming...

  7. https://youtu.be/g7u5Knj5Uj4

  8. Propaganda • The Nazis used posters like this to attract young people to join them. • The Nazis wanted all young people to become loyal followers of Hitler. So they started a youth movement: the Hitlerjugend (HJ, or "Hitler Youth"). • In 1933, 3.5 million young people were members of the Hitler Youth.

  9. You experienced outdoor activities such as hiking and camping You had to swear an oath of allegiance to the Fuhrer The abbreviation used for Hitler Youth is HJ At 14 girls joined the League of German Girls - BDM Hitler Youth Facts The aim of the HJ was to prepare boys for military service and to be strong future leaders of Germany The Hitler Youth Law was passed in 1936 and stated that all youths should belong to the Hitler Youth. By 1939 there were 7.3 million members of The Hitler Youth Emphasis in the HJ and BDM was placed upon physical fitness, group activities and obedience to the Nazi Party The aim of the BDM was to prepare girls for motherhood

  10. WORDS, PROMISES, and ALLEGINACES from Members of Hitler’s Youth “In the presence of this blood banner which represents the Fuhrer, I swear to devote all my energies and my strength to the saviour of our country, Adolf Hitler. I am willing and ready to give up my life for him, so help me God.” An oath taken by ten-year-olds when they entered the Deutsches Jungvolk “I promise to do my duty in love and loyalty to the Fuhrer and our flag.” The Pledge of Allegiance taken by all members of the Hitler Youth

  11. Figures showing membership of the Hitler Youth • 108,000 • 3.6 million • 5.4 million • 7.0 million • 7.3 million It may be worth noting that the total number of 10-18 year olds in Germany in 1939 was 8.9 million.

  12. What do you think a Heim was and why do you think that the members of the Nazi Youth Groups liked it so much? “We were very proud of our new Heim. It stood on one of the most beautiful spots in our part of the town, close to the park. The Hitler Youth, the Bund Deutscher Madel (League of German Maidens), the Jungmadel (Young Maidens), and the Jungvolk could all do their duty there simultaneously. Each unit had a business room and a large room for indoor duty. Wide windows and pale furniture made the rooms light. Books stood on the wall shelves in easy reach of everybody. Parlour games lay in the open cupboard; table-tennis tops were propped in the corner. We had a fully equipped workshop in the cellar, as well as showers. A caretaker couple looked after the cleaning and the heating.” Taken from ‘I Was There’ by Hans Peter Richter (Puffin Books, 1987)

  13. HEIM- Hitler's Youth Home

  14. Many young people enjoyed the excitement of the HJ – camping, hiking, weapons training… Many young people liked the feeling of importance – the uniform, the respect, the adoration… Lots of youths resented the fact that their old clubs and youth groups were banned How did young people within Germany react to the HJ? Many youths disliked the strict regimentation – being told what to do and when to do it Alternative youth groups sprang up across Germany – e.g. The Edelweiss Pirates, The Navajos Gang, The Kittelbach Pirates… Lots of youths wanted to listen to Jazz and try out new fashions and hair styles. All of these activities were banned in The Hitler Youth

  15. What I can see Hitler in the background Key Questions Who is this poster aimed at?Why was this poster produced? Young HJ boy. Aryan in appearance, serious, looking ahead (in awe?) Military/ Smart Uniform “Youth Serves the Führer” All 10-year-olds into the Hitler Youth." Caption in Bold

  16. What I can see Key Questions Nazi Party Flag Smiling, happy Who is this poster aimed at? Why was this poster produced? What makes it so effective? Aryan and healthy in appearance Flag bearer Caption/message in bold

  17. Hitler Youth: League of German Girls

  18. Adolf Hitler addresses Hitlerjugend (Hitler Youth) at a Nuremberg Nazi Party Day rally

  19.  Guided Practice Excerpt from: Nazi Education Education played a very important part in Nazi Germany in trying to cultivate a loyal following for Hitler and the Nazis. The Nazis were aware that education would create loyal Nazis by the time they reached adulthood. The Hitler Youth had been created for post-school activities and schools were to play a critical part in developing a loyal following for Hitler - indoctrination and the use of propaganda were to be a common practice in Nazi schools and the education system. Enforcing a Nazi curriculum on schools depended on the teachers delivering it. All teachers had to be vetted by local Nazi officials. Any teacher considered disloyal was sacked. Many attended classes during school holidays in which the Nazi curriculum was spelled out and 97% of all teachers joined the Nazi Teachers' Association. All teachers had to be careful about what they said as children were encouraged to inform the authorities if a teacher said something that did not fit in with the Nazi's curriculum for schools. 

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