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The Outer Planets

The Outer Planets. The Outer Planets: “Jovian Planets”. Larger and more massive than inner planets, but less dense due to high concentration of gas. Have a thick atmosphere made up of mostly hydrogen and helium Have rings Cold surface temps. Jupiter. First gas planet after Mars

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The Outer Planets

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  1. The Outer Planets

  2. The Outer Planets: “Jovian Planets” • Larger and more massive than inner planets, but less dense due to high concentration of gas. • Have a thick atmosphere made up of mostly hydrogen and helium • Have rings • Cold surface temps

  3. Jupiter • First gas planet after Mars • Orbit Period: 11.9 years • Rotation rate: only 9 hours and 55 minutes! • Most massive planet in Solar System; with strongest gravity (besides the sun). • Thought to be a failed star. • “Vacuum cleaner” of Solar System: sucks in comets, asteroids, and meteorites that are headed for Earth (protects us) • Generates a HUGE magnetic field. “scars” from Shoemaker-Levy 9 comet

  4. Jupiter, continued • Liquid metallic hydrogen core. • Atmosphere is hydrogen and helium; thousands of kilometers thick. • Colorful bands are layers of different gases (ammonia, hydrogen, helium, methane). • Red Spot: a giant storm that has been raging for over 400 years. • Thin set of rings (hardly visible) • Has over 62 moons! Its moon Ganymede is the largest moon of Solar System.

  5. Saturn • Planet after Jupiter (6th from sun) • 2nd largest planet in S.S., but least dense! • Would actually float in water because of its low density! --Joey Bender • Orbit period: 29.5 Earth years • Rotation rate: 10 hours, 39 minutes • Atmosphere is primarily hydrogen and helium, with some methane. • Solid and liquid core of some metals and rocks, liquid hydrogen. • Has clearly visible rings made of ice particles of various sizes.

  6. Saturn, continued • Has a smaller storm spot similar to Jupiter’s. • Has 25 larger satellites (moons) and several smaller ones. • Has seasons; each season lasts 7.5 years.

  7. Uranus • 3rd largest planet in solar system. • Orbit period: 84 years • Rate of rotation: 17.24 hours. • Retrograde motion (rotates backwards around its axis). • Spins on its side. • Atmosphere is mostly hydrogen, some helium, some methane.

  8. Uranus • Liquid core of water, ammonia, methane with some silicate rocks at center. • Has 27 moons. • Methane gas in atmosphere gives it a blue-green color. • Farthest planet we can see without a telescope.

  9. Neptune • 8th planet from the sun. • Fourth largest planet • Orbit period: 165 Earth years • Rotation: 16 hours = one day. • Composed of hydrogen, helium, methane, some rock. • Very stormy and windy—has the fastest winds in the solar system. • Has a dark storm spots like Jupiter.

  10. Neptune • Has 11 moons • Has 3 noticeable rings, 1 faint one. • Orbit crosses Pluto’s

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