1 / 18

Haemophilus influenzae type B and Hib Vaccine

Haemophilus influenzae type B and Hib Vaccine. Dr Seyed Mohsen Zahraei Center for Communicable Disease Control. Haemophilus influenzae type b Epidemiology. Reservoir Human Asymptomatic carriers Transmission Respiratory droplets Temporal pattern Peaks in Sept-Dec and

jhuddleston
Télécharger la présentation

Haemophilus influenzae type B and Hib Vaccine

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Haemophilus influenzae type B and Hib Vaccine Dr Seyed Mohsen Zahraei Center for Communicable Disease Control

  2. Haemophilus influenzae type b Epidemiology • Reservoir Human Asymptomatic carriers • Transmission Respiratory droplets • Temporal pattern Peaks in Sept-Dec and March-May • Communicability Generally limited but higher in some circumstances

  3. Estimated Incidence* of Invasive Hib Disease, 1987-2000 *Rate per 100,000 children <5 years of age

  4. Hemophilus influenzae type b, 1986 Incidence by age group

  5. Haemophilus influenzae type b – United States, 1996-2000 • Incidence has fallen 99% since prevaccine era • 341 confirmed Hib cases reported during 1996-2000 (average of 68 cases per year) • Most recent cases in unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated children

  6. Hemophilus influenzae type bRisk factors for invasive disease • Exposure factors • household crowding • large household size • day care attendance • low socioeconomic status • low parental education • school-aged siblings • Host factors • race/ethnicity • chronic disease

  7. Haemophilus influenzae type bPolysaccharide Vaccine • Available 1985-1988 • Not effective in children <18 months of age • Effectiveness in older children variable

  8. Polysaccharide Vaccines • Age-related immune response • Not consistently immunogenic in children 2 years old • No booster response • Antibody with less functional activity

  9. Polysaccharide Conjugate Vaccines • Stimulates T-dependent immunity • Enhanced antibody production, especially in young children • Repeat doses elicit booster response • Antibody is biologically active in vitro

  10. Haemophilus influenzae type b Conjugate Vaccines • Pure polysaccharide vaccines (1985-1989) not effective in infants • 3 conjugate vaccines licensed for use in infants in USA • Chemically and immunologically different

  11. Conjugate Hib Vaccines PRP-D ProHIBIT HbOC Hibtiter PRP-T ActHIB, OmniHIB, TriHIBit PRP-OMP PedvaxHIB, COMVAX

  12. Vaccine 2 mo 4 mo 6 mo 12-18 mo HbOC x x x x PRP-T x x x x PRP-OMP x x x Haemophilus influenzae type b Vaccine Routine Schedule

  13. Haemophilus influenzae type b Vaccine • Vaccination at <6 weeks of age may induce immunologic tolerance to Hib antigen • Minimum age 6 weeks • Minimum interval 4 weeks for primary series doses

  14. Haemophilus influenzae type b VaccineInterchangeability • All conjugate Hib vaccines interchangeable for primary series and booster dose • 3 dose primary series if more than one brand of vaccine used

  15. Map of countries have introduced Hib vaccineMarch 2014

  16. Haemophilus influenzae type b VaccineDelayed Vaccination Schedule • Children starting late may not need entire 3 dose series • Number of doses child requires depends on current age • All children 12-59 months of age need at least 1 dose

More Related