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Cataloging Trends and Challenges

Cataloging Trends and Challenges. Richard Wisneski August 2008 Kelvin Smith Library Case Western Reserve University. Current Trends and Challenges:. Increasing publication costs Increasing electronic resources and freely available resources Inflation rate for library materials rising

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Cataloging Trends and Challenges

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  1. Cataloging Trends and Challenges Richard Wisneski August 2008 Kelvin Smith Library Case Western Reserve University

  2. Current Trends and Challenges: • Increasing publication costs • Increasing electronic resources and freely available resources • Inflation rate for library materials rising • Increasing reliance on cooperative ventures

  3. Process of creating MARC records will evolve over the next 5 years • Outsourcing the creation of MARC records for published materials will continue to expand • Metadata in non-MARC formats from venders will increasingly be used to populate fields in MARC records rather than be entered locally at every institution • Less emphasis on rigid data formatting; more emphasis on usefulness of data to patrons.

  4. FRBR (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records) • Displays existing subject reference structures in authority files better • Allows users to better navigate the subject reference structure, moving from "see references" to authorized headings. • Display will make better use of relationships between bibliographic entities.

  5. FRBR -- Continued Example: OCLC Fiction Finder

  6. Cataloging Staffs… • Will apply appropriate metadata format to a particular situation • Will know non-MARC standards and emerging metadata schemes, such as Dublin Core, VRA, TEI, MODS • More time devoted to authority control, subject analysis, resource identification

  7. From "On the record: Report of The Library of Congress Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control" 5 recommendations: 1. Increase cooperation and sharing of bibliographic records. 2. Expose users to rare and unique materials held by libraries 3. Recognize the WWW as the platform for delivery. 4. Investigate the potential of FRBR 5. Strengthen library and information science programs

  8. From "Response to 'On the record: Report of the Library of Congress Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control'" Supports: 1. Being more flexible in accepting bibliographic data from others (e.g. publishers) that do not conform precisely to U.S. library standards 2. Data sharing with publishers and vendor partners 4. Development of mechanisms to use data and metadata from network resources (e.g. indexing services, Amazon, IMDb) 5. Exploration of tools to share bibliographic data, such as Open Archive Initiative-Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH). 6. More cataloging of materials in special collections -- finding aids accessible vial online catalogs (e.g. EAD) 7. Develop a more flexible, extensible metadata carrier -- recognize that Z39.2/MARC are no longer fit for the purpose; work to implement a carrier that is capable of representing the full range of data of interest to libraries 8. MODS, MARCXML, METS, Dubin Core, and other evolving standards to enable broader use and maximization of LC data

  9. Metadata Example • MARC Record: Umbrellas and their history

  10. Umbrellas and their History LEADER 00000nam 2200000Ia 4500 001 53177393 003 OCoLC 005 20031010070046.0 008 031010s1871 enka r 000 0 eng d 040 CWR|cCWR 049 CWRR 090 GT2210|b.S3 1871a 100 1 Sangster, William,|d1808-1888 245 10 Umbrellas and their history /|cby William Sangster ; with illustrations by Bennett 260 London [England] ;|aNew York [N.Y.] :|bCassell, Petter, and Galpin,|c[1871?] 300 80 p. :|bill. ;|c19 cm 533 Photocopy.|bLaCrosse, Wis. :|cBrookhaven Press :|cdigital production by Northern Micrographics, Inc.,|d2001.|e29 cm 650 0 Umbrellas 776 1 |cOriginal|w(DLC) 14016385

  11. MARC XML • MARC XML • <record><leader>01177nam a2200313Ia 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">2407600</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">19890803132127.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">760901s1871 enka 000 0 engm </controlfield><datafield tag="010" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">14016385</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">.b16932407</subfield><subfield code="b">ux </subfield><subfield code="c">-</subfield></datafield>

  12. Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS) Used for: • Encoding administrative, structural, and descriptive metadata about objects within a digital library • Providing a useful standard for the exchange of digital library objects between repositories • Providing a coherent means for archiving digital objects and their metadata • Standardizing the containers for digital library metadata (similar to MARC) and the rules for the metadata content itself (similar to AACR).

  13. Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS) -- Continued Used by • Mark Twain Project • California Digital Library, Escholarship • University of Michigan, Mbooks • Etc.

  14. METS RECORD SAMPLE: <mets:dmdSec ID="DID001" CREATED="2006-08-22T15:56:00"><mets:mdWrap MDTYPE="MODS"><mets:xmlData><mods:mods version="3.0"><mods:titleInfo><mods:title>Umbrellas and their history</mods:title></mods:titleInfo><mods:name type="personal"><mods:namePart>Sangster, William</mods:namePart><mods:namePart type="date">1808-1888</mods:namePart><mods:role><mods:roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">creator</mods:roleTerm></mods:role>

  15. Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS) Used for… • Representing metadata for harvesting • Representing a simplified MARC record in XML • Simplifying the full MARC format, yet being richer than Dublin Core • Being more end user oriented than the full MARCXML

  16. Metadata Object Description Schema (MODS) -- Continued Used By: • Library of Congress American Memory Project • Kelvin Smith Library’s Classics Slide Collection • Center for Digital Initiatives, Brown University • Ethnomusicological Video, Indiana University • Etc.

  17. MODS Record Sample titleInfo Note Name Subject typeOfResource Classification Genre relatedItem originInfo Identifier Language Location Extent Access Condition Abstract tableOfContents targetAudience <mods version="3.0"> MARC Tags: • 1XX – author • 245 – title • 300 – physical description • 546 – language • 6XX – subject headings • 500 – general note

  18. Dublin Core (DC) Used for • Promoting the widespread adoption of interoperable metadata standards • Providing card catalog-like definitions for defining the properties of objects for Web-based resource discovery systems • Representing 15 core elements likely to be useful across a broad range of disciplines of study. • Providing a core set of elements that could be shared across disciplines or within any type of organization

  19. Dublin Core (DC) Used by • Kelvin Smith Library Digital Case • Cleveland State University’s Cleveland Memory Project • Ohio’s Heritage Northeast • Etc. etc.

  20. Dublin Core Record Sample <dc:title/> <dc:creator>Sangster, William, 1808-1888</dc:creator> <dc:publisher>London : Cassell, Petter, and Galpin</dc:publisher> <dc:date>1871</dc:date> <dc:description>by William Sangster.</dc:description> <dc:subject>Umbrellas </dc:subject> <dc:type>text</dc:type> <dc:language>English</dc:language> <dc:type>80 p. illus. 19 cm.</dctype> <dc:format>text/xml</dc:format> <dc:rights>This work is in the public domain and may be freely downloaded for personal or academic use.</dc:rights> <dc:identifier>sanumb00</dc:identifier>

  21. Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) Used for: • Storing information for the long term • Analyzing information • Sharing information • Digital libraries • Scholarly editions • Manuscript collections and descriptions

  22. Text Encoded Initiative (TEI) Used by • Brown University, Women Writers Project • University of Maryland, Dickinson Electronic Archives • University of Virginia, Westward Exploration • Miami University of Ohio, The Poetess Archive • Etc., etc.

  23. TEI Record Sample <teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title type="m">An electronic version of Umbrellas and their history</title><author>Sangster, William, 1808-1888</author><respStmt><resp>Creation of TEI.2-conformant electronic version.</resp><name>Kelvin Smith Library, Case Western Reserve University</name></respStmt></titleStmt><extent>115 kb</extent><publicationStmt><distributor n="collection">KSL Digital Book Collection</distributor><publisher>Digital Case, Kelvin Smith Library, Case Western Reserve University</publisher><pubPlace>Cleveland, Ohio</pubPlace><date value="2006">2006</date>

  24. Conclusion • Transfer data to catalog cards • Applicable to today’s online environment? • Think of history behind MARC

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