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Linux in a Virtual Environment

Learn how to install Linux in a virtual environment using VirtualBox on your computer, along with key steps and settings for successful setup.

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Linux in a Virtual Environment

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  1. Linux in a Virtual Environment Nagarajan Prabakar School of Computing and Information Sciences Florida International University

  2. Need for virtualization • Separate computer system: • expensive • low utilization of resources • Dual boot: • boot time OS selection • changes to a disk partition • no concurrent execution

  3. Virtualization Supports virtual machines (VM) The host operating system supports guest operating system(s) VMs with virtual resource allocation Runtime sharing of resources

  4. Virtualization Software Microsoft Virtual PC VMware VirtualBox (open source) Xen Hypervisor (open source)

  5. VirtualBox • Download Dir • UserManual.pdf • VirtualBox-4.2.12-84980-HostArch* (97 MB) • Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-4.2.12-84980.vbox-extpack (11.3 MB) • Download Fedora_18 (about 4.57 GB) • 32-bit: JCCL: \\buffalo\vmstorage-cgs3767\Fedora-18-i386-DVD.iso • http://fedoraproject.org/en/get-fedora-options#formats DVD format (32-bit)

  6. Installation • Run VirtualBox-4.2.12-84980-HostArch* • Run Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-4.2.12-84980.vbox-extpack • Run Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager • Follow the user manual • New -> Next -> • GuestOS name [Fedora_18_32 or 64], • GuestOS type [Linux], • GuestOS version [Fedora or Fedora (64 bit)] • -> Next

  7. Installation … Memory [1024 MB] Virtual Hard Disk Enable Start-up Disk Create new hard disk File type: VMDK Storage details: Fixed size Virtual disk file location(browse) and size [10 GB] Create -> Create

  8. Installation of the Guest OS VirtualBox Manager window Select the new Virtual Hard Disk Click Start menu button Load the guest OS installation CD or Browse to the ISO file Install the Guest OS in the Virtual Hard Disk

  9. Installation of the Guest Additions VirtualBox Manager window Select the Virtual Hard Disk Click Start menu button From the guest OS window Device -> Install Guest Additions… browse to VBoxGuestAdditions.iso in C:\program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\ folder and install it

  10. Sharing Folders VirtualBox Manager window Select the Virtual Hard Disk Click Start menu button From the guest OS window Device -> Shared Folders… add a shared folder Folder path (share location in Host) Folder name (share name) Enable “Make permanent” option only

  11. Mounting Shared Folders In the VM, login as root Fedora: $ su - Ubuntu: $ sudo -i Create mounting directory as # mkdir /mnt/mountDir Mount the share as # mount –t vboxsf sharename mountpoint or automate this permanently by adding the following line to /etc/fstab sharename mountpoint vboxsf defaults 0 0

  12. Limitations of virtualization • Marginal performance degradation • Each VM is associated with one user • A VM cannot use all resources of the host

  13. Conclusion • Simple and reliable installations • Snapshot feature for future restorations • One guest OS in each VHDisk • Concurrent execution of several OS and sharing files http://users.cis.fiu.edu/~prabakar/resource/Linux Thank you

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