1 / 18

HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND

HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND. HERE IS A LIST OF SPORTS CURRENTLY PLAYED IN THE USA:- American Football Lawn Tennis Baseball Ice Hockey Athletics Basketball Volleyball Golf Soccer Gymnastics.

joanwhite
Télécharger la présentation

HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL BACKGROUND

  2. HERE IS A LIST OF SPORTS CURRENTLY PLAYED IN THE USA:- • American Football • Lawn Tennis • Baseball • Ice Hockey • Athletics • Basketball • Volleyball • Golf • Soccer • Gymnastics

  3. TRY AND FIND OUT ABOUT THE ORIGINS OF THESE SPORTS IN THE USA AND LIST THEM UNDER THE FOLLOWING HEADINGS:- • ADAPTED • ADOPTED • INVENTED

  4. PAXON, AN AMERICAN HISTORIAN, CALLED SPORT “THE SOCIAL SAFETY VALVE THAT REPLACED THE FRONTIER”. USING SPORTING EXAMPLES, EXPLAIN WHAT YOU THINK HE MEANT.

  5. The North American continent is a large and diverse environment. The 50 states of the USA share a heritage of ancient civilisations transformed by European invasion during the C18th and C19th and evolution into the ethnic melting pot of the C20th. • Like many countries of the new world, the USA has colonial links, but these were early in the country’s development and for many years, the USA developed in planned isolation from the rest of the world. • During this period many of America’s sports were adapted from old European games to suit America’s new image.

  6. In sports such as Football and Hockey, a more robust, glamorous version has developed and distinctively American Sports , such as Basketball, were invented on American soil. • So closely did these sports mirror American society they have never really developed away from America’s shores. • America’s sports tend to be high scoring and action packed to maximise their entertainment value. • They reflect American culture in that the aim is to WIN- THE WIN ETIC or LOMBARDIAN ETHIC is what drive’s all American people and this fuels the “AMERICAN DREAM” – Epitomised in the Rocky films when a nobody becomes world champion overnight.

  7. There are 3 ethical viewpoints in USA sport:- • The Lombardian ethic- A win at all costs approach has been adopted by many professional teams and individuals- This held belief goes against previous held ideals of sportsmanship. • The Radical ethic- States that winning is important but not at all costs. There is value in the means by which victory is achieved and in the development of the performer. • The Counter Culture ethic- The experience is all that matters. The notion of competition beyond its essential process is derided as self –posturing and flag waving. Winning is irrelevant other than as a reflection of the quality of effort.the notion of CHALLENGE is acceptable.

  8. There have always been frontiers in American life. The taming of the WILD WEST, the CROSSING OF THE ROCKIES and SURVIVAL IN HARSH ENVIRONMENTS.

  9. The courageous FRONTIER SPIRIT of the early settlers has found its way onto the sports field in names like “Redskins”. • It is also lived out in the camping-hunting-fishing philosophy which is seen in many middle class American father-son relationships. • American summer camps often set in environments in “the great outdoors” are an attempt to pass on these values to American youth preparing them for the rigours of adult life.

  10. Sporting heroes are often seen as gladiators defending their communities against the invaders from outside. • The commercial aspect of American sport makes it unique. Every level, from professional national teams to the local high school football team, is run as a business. • The influence of television is total and most sports rely on the money generated through tv deals and advertising revenue. • Sports stars in America are millionaires- indeed, most professional teams will have a number of players on multi million dollar contracts. • Many stars like Michael Jordan and Tiger Woods make even more money through sponsorship deals and endorsements.

  11. There is a flip side to this- sport in the USA is extremely elitist. In Athletics,for example, there is not even one amateur club where performers can train and compete. • Clubs are based in educational establishments such as schools and colleges or professional enterprises. • For most Americans, sport is something you watch on tv and is not something most people play after leaving school. • TV also dictates the rules- for example, American Football has evolved into a STACCATO stop-go pattern to allow companies to screen advertisements every 5 minutes. • Many of these trends are beginning to filter into British sport and it may be very difficult for us to prevent AMERICANISATION of our sport.

More Related