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Offshore Wind Energy Overview

Patrick Gilman Environmental & Siting Specialist Wind and Water Power Program. February 16, 2011. Offshore Wind Energy Overview. Agenda. Overview of offshore wind technology National Offshore Wind Strategy DOE offshore wind research plan Removing Market Barriers solicitation

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Offshore Wind Energy Overview

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  1. Patrick Gilman Environmental & Siting Specialist Wind and Water Power Program February 16, 2011 Offshore Wind Energy Overview

  2. Agenda • Overview of offshore wind technology • National Offshore Wind Strategy • DOE offshore wind research plan • Removing Market Barriers solicitation • Research plan • Interagency collaboration

  3. Offshore Wind: Huge Potential Great Lakes: 734 GW Europe: 3 GW offshore wind installed, 3 GW under construction, 20 GW permitted China: 135 MW installed, 2 GW authorized US: 2.4 GW proposed Atlantic: 1256 GW Pacific: 930 GW Proposed project Hawaii: 637 GW Gulf Coast: 594 GW Total gross resource potential does not consider exclusion zones or siting concerns

  4. Offshore Wind Benefits

  5. Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind • Wide range of potential impacts, little U.S. data: • Benthic communities • Bird and bat mortality • Construction and operation noise • Migratory displacement • EMF effects • Human: cultural, socioeconomic • Substantial European experience: 350+ studies, no showstoppers identified From the Final Report of Danish Monitoring Program, 2006:“…offshore wind power is indeed possible to engineer in an environmentally sustainable manner that does not lead to significant damage to nature.…the prospects for future expansion of offshore wind farms look bright.”

  6. Offshore Wind Turbine Components Gearbox Generator Rotor Hub Blades Nacelle Tower Evolution of Foundation Designs Transition Piece Foundation

  7. Evolution of Commercial Wind Technology

  8. National Offshore Wind Strategy • Announced by Secretary of Energy Chu and Secretary of the Interior Salazar on 2/7/2011 • Developed over 7+ months with input from federal partners, industry, stakeholders, and public • Demonstrates strong commitment by federal government to developing offshore wind energy resources in a responsible manner • Leverages capabilities, expertise, and funding of individual agencies to increase federal government’s ability to accelerate responsible offshore wind deployment http://www1.eere.energy.gov/windandhydro/pdfs/national_offshore_wind_strategy.pdf

  9. Key Points of National Strategy • Offshore wind can create substantial benefits for the nation: • Reduced GHG emissions • Diversified energy supply • Economic revitalization • The challenges facing offshore wind deployment are daunting: • High capital & financing costs • Lack of specialized infrastructure • Lack of site data and experience with permitting processes • To realize these benefits in spite of the challenges, DOE will: • Reduce the levelized cost of energy from 26.9 ¢/kWh to 7 ¢/kWh by 2030 • Help reduce market barriers: environmental impacts, infrastructure, transmission • Partner in the installation of the first demonstration-scale projects • Understanding and mitigating environmental impacts of offshore wind are critical to this strategy

  10. DOE Offshore Wind Funding Opportunities: $50.5 million, 5 years • Technology Development FOA (up to $25M, 5 years) • Long-term technology R&D to reduce cost of offshore wind energy • Market Barriers Removal FOA (up to $18M, 3 years) • Research to close data gaps needed for project permitting; expand knowledge base on offshore wind environmental effects; develop strategies & planning for long-term industry cost-competitiveness • Topics: • Offshore wind market & economic analysis • Environmental & socioeconomic risk reduction: • Mid-Atlantic Baseline Study, Environmental Monitoring Methods and Technologies • Manufacturing & supply chain development • Transmission planning & interconnect strategies • Ports, vessels & operations • Wind energy resource characterization & design conditions • Marine navigation & communications equipment impacts • Next-Generation On/Offshore Drivetrain FOA (up to $7.5M, 3 years) • Developcore technologies for next-generation turbines, ensuring competitiveness of domestic OEMs • More to come – Stay tuned

  11. Environmental Research Plan • Baseline environmental data collection and analysis • Developing the necessary technologies and methods to assess and monitor environmental impacts • Before-After-Control-Impact type studies on actual wind farms from site assessment through operations to identify specific impacts • Development of avoidance and mitigation measures • Studies on cumulative impacts of large-scale deployment

  12. A Call to Action • DOE can’t go it alone: collaboration with federal & state agencies, NGOs and other stakeholders is essential • We’re ready to partner: DOE is eager to work with other agencies to meet these challenges

  13. Thank You Patrick Gilman Environmental & Siting Specialist DOE Wind and Water Power Program 202-586-3449 Patrick.gilman@ee.doe.gov

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