Pronouns and Articles

1. Pronouns and Articles Unit 5 Grammar Forms & Functions 3

2. Subject & Object Pronouns S V O She bought a present. What is the subject of the sentence? What is the verb? What is the object? Objects can be direct or indirect. Click to go to next slide.

3. Subject & Object Pronouns S IO DO V a present. She bought them Indirect objects answer the questions “For whom? Or “To whom?” What is the indirect object in this sentence? Would this sentence be correct? She gave they a present. **No, because “they” is in the object position. It should be “them.” Click to go to next slide.

4. Subject & Object Pronouns Click on the correct sentence. Correct – “He” is a subject pronoun to be used in the subject spot. A. John was not in class. He was sick. Try again. B. John was not in class. Him was sick. Try again. A. The students are dressed up. Look at they. Correct – “Them” is an object pronoun, so use it in the object position. B. The students are dressed up. Look at them. Correct – For academic writing, “It is me” can be used informally. A. Who is it? It is I. Incorrect – For academic writing, “It is me” can be used informally. B. Who is it? It is me. Click to go to next slide.

5. Subject & Object Pronouns Click on the correct sentence. Try again – do not switch from “one” to “you.” Stay formal or informal. A. One can get a driver’s license when you are 16. Correct. “One” is used in academic writing. B. One can get a driver’s license when one is 16. Correct. Match female pronouns to female names. A. Jane was running late, so she called. Incorrect. Of course – match male pronouns to male names. B. Jane was running late, so he called. Both are correct. Do not pay attention to the textbook. However, “his or her” is best for academic use. A. A good student always does her homework. Both are correct. Do not pay attention to the textbook. However, “his or her” is best for academic use. B. A good student always does his or her homework. Click to go to next slide.

6. Subject & Object Pronouns Click on the correct sentence. Both are correct. Do not pay attention to the textbook. However, “his or her” is best for academic use. A. A good student always turns in their homework. Both are correct. Do not pay attention to the textbook. However, “his or her” is best for academic use. B. A good student always turns in his or her homework. Both are correct. Some group nouns can use either singular or plural pronouns depending upon meaning. A. The family is important because in most cultures it teaches values. Both are correct. Some group nouns can use either singular or plural pronouns depending upon meaning. B. Family is important because in most cultures they teach values. Both are correct. “Class” is a group noun that can use a singular or plural pronoun depending upon the writer’s meaning. A. The class thinks that they are ready for the test. Both are correct. “Class” is a group noun that can use a singular or plural pronoun depending upon the writer’s meaning. B. The class thinks that it is ready for the test. Click to go to next slide.

7. Possessive Adjectives & Possessive Pronouns IC Adj S V Adj Your father is funny, but mine is usually serious. Use possessive adjectives in front of nouns. They are adjectives that show possession. Click to go to next slide.

8. Possessive Adjectives & Possessive Pronouns IC Adv CC S V Adj Your father is funny, but mine is usually serious. Use possessive pronouns without nouns. They can be subjects or objects that show possession. Click to go to next slide.

9. Possessive: Adjectives & Pronouns Click on the correct sentence. Correct. “Her” is a possessive adjective in front of the noun “book.” A. That’s her book. Incorrect. “Hers” is a possessive pronoun that does not need a noun. B. That’s hers book. Incorrect. “Their” is an adjective that needs to be in front of a noun. A. It’s their. Correct. “Theirs” is a pronoun that does not need another noun. B. It’s theirs. Correct. “My” is an adjective in front of the noun “coat.” A. I gave him my coat. Incorrect. “Mine” is a pronoun that should not be in front of another noun. B. I gave him mine coat. Click to go to next slide.

10. Possessive: Adjectives & Pronouns Click on the correct sentence. Incorrect. “They” is a subject pronoun and should only be used in the subject position. A. Someone left they keys here. Correct. “Someone” is indefinite and in formal situations is referred to with a singular pronoun. B. Someone left his or her keys here. Both are correct because “everyone” can use a singular pronoun. However, a plural pronoun is preferred over just “his.” A. Everyone must lead their own life. Both are correct because “everyone” can use a singular pronoun. However, this is an older style. B. Everyone must lead his own life. Correct. “It’s” means the subject “it” and the verb “is.” A. It’s Ken’s bag. Incorrect. “Its” is a possessive adjective. B. Its Ken’s bag. Click to go to next slide.

11. Reflexive Pronouns • Use reflexive pronouns when the subject and object are the same person. I and myself; we and ourselves • Use reflexive pronouns with common verbs such as burn, hurt, cut, enjoy, teach, introduce, and look at. Common phrases like “enjoy yourself,” “help yourself,” and “behave yourself.” • Use reflexive pronouns to emphasize a specific person. • Use “by” + reflexive pronoun to mean “alone.” ex. …”live by herself.” Click to go to next slide.

12. Reflexive Pronouns Click on the correct sentence. Incorrect. “Ourself” is never used – it is never a correct spelling. A. We saw ourself in the mirror. Correct. “Ourselves” is the reflexive pronoun (it refers back to “we”). B. We saw ourselves in the mirror. Both are correct – ONLY IF this sentence “him” refers to a different male than the “he” refers to. A. He was cooking when he burned him. Both are correct – this sentence “himself” and “he” are the same man. The other sentence “him” and “he” are two different men. B. He was cooking when he burned himself. Correct. This is unusual wording, but we do it sometimes to emphasize who said or did something. A. She herself spoke to me about the problem. Incorrect. Cannot have the subject pronoun and object pronoun next to each other in the subject position. B. She her spoke to me about the problem. Click to go to next slide.

13. Other as adjective or pronoun • “Another” means one more. Use another with singular count nouns. • Use “another two” or “another few” with noun and expressions of time, money, distance. • Ex., We are going to stay another few days. • Ex., I need another ten dollars. • “Other” and “others” refer to part of a group not already mentioned. • Ex., Our guest was from Brazil. Other guests were from England. • “The other” and “the others” means the rest of a group we are • talking about. • Ex., The star has three homes. One is in Malibu and the others are in San Diego. Click to go to next slide.

14. Other as adjective and pronoun Click on the correct sentence. Correct. Use “another” in front of singular count nouns. A. Can I have another cup of coffee? Incorrect. Use “another” in front of singular nouns. B. Can I have other cup of coffee? Correct. Do not use “others” with a plural noun. A. There are other bicycles in the garage. Incorrect. Do not use “others” with a plural noun. B. There are others bicycles in the garage Both are correct. Both mean “I understand you, and you understand me.” A. We understand each other. Both are correct. Both mean “I understand you, and you understand me.” B. We understand one another. Click end show.