Alcohol Abuse

1. Alcohol Abuse By: DarrianCarmicheal Alonzo Cunningham Kieron Forbes ShesplaLorjuste

2. Introduction (Alonzo) • Alcohol is the drug of choice among youth. • At a early age youth are experiencing underage drinking. • 5,000 young people under the age of 21 die as a result of underage drinking. • 1,900 deaths from motor vehicles crashes, 1,600 as a result of homicides, 300 from suicide as well as hundreds from other injuries such as falls, burns and drownings.

3. Define Alcoholism (Shay) • A person who cannot control their drinking at all or only for a short period of time. • When a alcoholic starts drinking they will continue to drink until they run out of alcohol or they pass out. • The most important reason alcoholics wont admit they have a problem is because they wont be able to continue to drink.

4. Reasons Why People Drink (Shay) • Curious • Peer pressure • Addicted • Like the taste & effect • To relieve stress • To socialize more easily • Celebration • Religion • To escape problems • To relax

5. 4 Factors That Influence How Alcohol Effect People (Shay) • Body weight • If one has had any food to eat before or during drinking • Amount of alcohol consumed • Thoughts and expectations: Often what you think alcohol will do for you is what usually does for you

6. Common Effects Of Alcohol (Shay) • Pleasure • “Life of the party” • Thinking skills become impaired • Physical performance becomes impaired • Diseases and bodily damages - Cirrhosis of liver - Brain function - Possibly death

7. Common Effects cont. (Shay) • Physical tolerance: Body gets use to the alcohol in the system • Body temperature: generates more heat as it cools off the body lowering the body temperature • Energizer: Makes the person seem like they have more energy • Hangover: Happens after the alcohol has left the body

8. Types Of Alcohol Problems (C-Mike) • Binge drinking • Alcohol abuse • Alcohol dependence • Alcohol problems occur at different levels of severity , from mild and annoying to life-threatning. Although alcohol dependence (alcoholism) is the most severe stage, less severe drinking problems can also be dangerous.

9. Binge Drinking (C-Mike) • Officially binge drinking means having 5 or more drinks in one session for men and 4 or more for women. • Another definition for binge drinking is simply drinking to get drunk. It is the most common drinking problem for young people, under age 21. • About 20% of adults in the United States are considered hazardous and harmful drinkers. • These are people who are not physically dependent on alcohol, but they binge drink or have health or social consequences because of their drinking.

10. Alcohol Abuse (C-Mike) • Binge drinking turns into alcohol abuse when someone’s drinking begins to cause problems and the drinking continues anyway. • Alcohol abuse is when someone continues to drink in spite of continued social, interpersonal or legal difficulties. • Alcohol abuse can result in missing time at school or work, neglecting children or household responsibilities or trouble with the law. • Alcohol abuse differs from alcoholism in that it does not include an extremely strong craving for alcohol , loss of control, or physical dependence. • Alcohol abuse is defined as a pattern of drinking that follows situations within a 12 month period: - Failure to fulfill work - Drinking in dangerous situations - Recurring alcohol related problems - Continued drinking despite having relationship problems

11. Alcohol Dependence (C-Mike) Definition • Alcohol abuse becomes alcohol dependence when drinkers begin to experience a craving for alcohol , a loss of control of their drinking, withdrawal symptoms when not drinking. • Alcohol dependence is a disease that includes alcohol craving and continued drinking despite repeated alcohol related problems. • Craving- a strong need to drink • Impaired control- the inability to limit one’s drinking on any given occasion • Physical dependence- withdrawal symptoms when alcohol use is stopped after a period of heaving drinking • Tolerance-the need for increasing amounts of alcohol on order to feel its effects Symptoms

12. Alcohol Statistics (Kieron) • Statistics through out the years was collected to find out the amount of Alcohol consumption in The United States of America produced by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). This data is "based on alcoholic beverage sales data, either collected directly by the Alcohol Epidemiologic Data System (AEDS) from the States or provided by beverage industry sources. " "The following 33 States provided alcoholic beverage sales data for beer, wine, and/or, spirits for 2009: • Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming."

13. Methods (Kieron) • The method "AEDS uses an estimate of average ethanol content in the alcoholic beverages is to convert the gallons of sold or shipped beer, wine, and spirits into gallons of ethanol (pure alcohol). before calculating per capita consumption estimates. The ethanol conversion coefficients (ECC, i.e., proportion of pure alcohol for each beverage type) are 0.045 for beer, 0.129 for wine, and 0.411 for spirits. AEDS has considered changes in the alcoholic beverage market that may affect the ECCs used in the current report. For instance, the introduction of “light” beer, “light” wines, and coolers (both wine and spirits) may have slightly lowered the average ethanol content in some alcoholic beverages. Kling (1991, 1989) suggests that there were decreases in the ethanol content of spirits during the 1980s. However, such decreases may be offset by the increase in sales of drinks with higher ethanol content, such as premium brand liquors, fortified wines, malt liquors, and locally produced beers and ales (microbrews). “Ice” beers and “dry” beers, for example, both have higher ethanol content than either premium or light beers .

14. Total per capita consumption of ethanol in 2009-2010 (Kieron)

15. Percentage change in total per capita ethanol consumption in the U.S., 2009–2010. (Kieron)

16. What Is Alcohol Posioning? (Alonzo) • Fatal result of drinking excessive alcohol • Caused by the alcohol slowing down the body’s functions • It may lead to choking, coma, stopping of breathing, stopped heart and also death.

17. What Is The Treatment For Intoxication? (Alonzo) • Replacing fluids that are lost as a result of the increase of urination • Doctors frequently use fluids that contain sugars for that purpose • Treatment involves getting the person to the hospital immediately so he or she can be closely watched by a medical professional.

18. Preventions (Alonzo) • Raising some prices on alcohol • Increasing the minimum age to drink • Enacting zero-tolerance laws • Stepping up the enforcement of laws • School-based prevention programs • Family-based prevention programs

19. Is Alcoholism Inherited? (C-Mike) • Alcoholism tends to run in families and a vast amount of scientific research indicates that genetics play a role in developing alcohol problems but research also shows that a person’s environment and peers also play a role. • Having a family history of alcoholism does not doom a person into becoming a alcoholic, the genetic tendencies can be overcome.

20. Conclusion (Alonzo) • 80% of teens begin drugs early in teen years • Even though some end up having problems professional programs still help to prevent • Teens in college now have more options for treatment

21. References • http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/AA67/AA67.htm • www.beyond-addiction.com/site_flash/images/The%20term%20Alcoholism.pdf • www.drinkware.co.uk/check-the-facts/health-effects-of-alcohol • http://m.helpguide.org/harvard/alcohol-teens • http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/Surveillance92/CONS09.pdf