Geosciences Research in the Office of Science at the Department of Energy

1. Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy Geosciences Research in the Office of Science at the Department of Energy Nicholas B. Woodward Geosciences Research Program Office of Science May 9, 2005

2. Views of Science Catastrophic George F. Will, Thursday, May 22, 2003 (from his comments on When Krakatoa Blew by S. Winchester) “Geology has joined biology in lowering mankind's self-esteem. Geology suggests how mankind's existence is contingent on the geological consent of the planet. Although the planet is hospitable for the moment, it is indifferent -- eventually it will be lethally indifferent -- to its human passengers.” Utilitarian 1998 House of Representatives Committee on Science Report: “the role of science has evolved to emphasize economic development, independence, and the ability to address issues in our country - and in the world that have scientific and technological solutions” Inspirational Rick Weiss, Washington Post, April 10, 2005 “… Americans have lost sight of the value of non-applied, curiosity driven research – the open-ended sort of exploration that doesn’t know exactly where it is going but so often leads to big payoffs…. Why should we care about this demand for results before the research begins?....Because our knowledge of the world and our support of knowledge for knowledge’s sake is a core measure of our success as a civilization.”

3. Department of Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham $22.3B FY 2005 Departmental Staff and Support Offices Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Counterintelligence Intelligence Office of Security and Emergency Operations/ Chief Information Officer Office of Independent Oversight and Performance Assurance Office of Public Affairs Office of Policy Office of Management and Administration Office of Worker and Community Transition Office of Hearings and Appeals Contract Reform and Privatization Project Office Secretary of Energy Advisory Board Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board Liaison Inspector General Office of Economic Impact and Diversity Under Secretary for Nuclear Security/ Administrator for Nuclear Security $9.05B Under Secretary for Energy, Science and Environment General Counsel Chief Financial Officer Assistant Secretary for Environment, Safety and Health Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy $572M Assistant Secretary for Congressional & Intergovnm'tal Affairs Assistant Secretary for International Affairs Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy $1.25B Deputy Administrator for Defense Programs Deputy Administrator for Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation Assistant Secretary for Environmental Management $7.05B Nuclear En, Science & Tech $504M Deputy Administrator for Naval Reactors Energy Information Administration Director, Office of Science $3.6B Power Marketing Administration Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management $572M

4. Office of Science Scientific User Facilities Electron Microscopy Center for Materials Research Advanced Photon Source Materials Preparation Center Center for Microanalysis of Materials Center for Nanoscale Materials Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Advanced Light Source Center for Functional Nanomaterials National Center for Electron Microscopy National Synchrotron Light Source Molecular Foundry Spallation Neutron Source Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lab Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Linac Coherent Light Source Combustion Research Facility Shared Research Equipment Program Los Alamos Neutron Science Center High-Flux Isotope Reactor Pulse Radiolysis Facility Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies • 1 Linac Coherent Light Source (PED) • 3 Special Purpose Centers • 4 Synchrotron Radiation Light Sources • 4 High-Flux Neutron Sources (SNS under construction) • 4 Electron Beam Microcharacterization Centers • 5 Nanoscale Science Research Centers (PED and construction)

5. BES Programmatic Criteria • Excellence – • Innovative high-quality research • Relevance • Importance in supporting long-term DOE mission objectives • Stewardship • Using DOE facilities and supporting DOE laboratory capabilities • Research does two things: • It expands the range of choices, and • It provides the basis for wise choices among options.

6. solar wind hydro automotive fuel cells consumer electronics H2 H2O H2 nuclear/solar thermochemical cycles stationary electricity/heat generation fossil fuel reforming use in fuel cells storage Bio- and bioinspired 4.4 MJ/L (Gas, 10,000 psi) 8.4 MJ/L (LH2) production $3000/kW 9M tons/yr $35/kW (Internal Combustion Engine) 40M tons/yr (Transportation only) 9.72MJ/L (2015 FreedomCAR Target) The Hydrogen Economy Earth sciences issues for “New “ Energy gas or hydride storage

7. FY 2004 National Research Programs in Geosciences Everyone thinks Earth Science is important enough to have a targeted activity but What are the overarching challenges????? • Directed Research $ 593.3 M • Investigator/Team Basic Research $ 94.4 M (NSF , DOE) • USGS – National assessments • BES - Atomic-to-continuum-scale studies of earth processes and properties important to DOE missions ($21.5 M) • NSF - Geology and Paleontology, Geophysics, Hydrologic Sciences, Petrology and Geochemistry, and Tectonics ($72.9 M) USGS 11 programs $ 252.3 M NSF 10 programs $ 271.7 M DOE 12 programs $ 153.7M FY04 Total $ 687.7 M

8. Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy “Grand Challenges in the Earth Sciences” – Board on Earth Sciences and Resources Study begins June 1, 2005 Kick-off at the May 12-13, 2005 Board meeting and AGU Town Hall Meeting May 26, 2005 in New Orleans

9. Future Budget Prospects –AAAS Analysis 2005-2009