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MODULE 2 UNIT 6. CBRNE. Unit 6 Learning Objective. At the completion of this unit the student will be able to give specific considerations to rescue, evacuation and mitigation when dealing with WMD releases. Student Performance Objectives.
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MODULE 2UNIT 6 CBRNE
Unit 6 Learning Objective At the completion of this unit the student will be able to give specific considerations to rescue, evacuation and mitigation when dealing with WMD releases.
Student Performance Objectives • Be able to recognize types of WMD agents or materials. Know how to use and read • results from diagnostic and sampling equipment and reading instruments. Understand the limitations of the detection or diagnostic instruments and devices provided by the department. • Know how to use and read results from diagnostic and sampling equipment and reading instruments. • Understand the limitations of the detection or diagnostic instruments and devices provided by the department. • Know how to use and read results from medical diagnostic and sampling equipment and reading instruments. • Be able to recognize the types of hazardous materials or WMD agents that may be present on victims.
Student Performance Objectives • Recognize the dangers and aspects inherent in hazardous materials or WMD events. • Know the methods, limitations, and operating procedures for sampling equipment use to collect solids (including particulate materials), liquids, and gases for detection, identification, classification, and verification of hazardous materials and WMD agents. • Have training and experience in emergency medical basic life support treatment, rescue of contaminated victims and responders, selection of appropriate procedures for decontamination of persons and equipment, and in protection of personnel involved in transporting victims exposed to WMD agents. Assist the emergency medical group that is on the scene and the incident commander in coordinating this support.
Student Performance Objectives • Have the training and experience to assist the incident commander in establishing safety procedures for performing specialized tasks to lower the level of hazard from the potential WMD agent or hazardous materials. • Follow procedures for operating sampling equipment. Understand limitations for collecting solids (including particulate materials), liquids, and gases for detection, identification, and classification of potential WMD agents and materials and for verification of such materials if needed. Use technical reference materials as needed in performing these tasks.
WMD Recognition • Occupancy & Locations • Type of Event • Timing of Event • On Scene Warning Signs
CAUTION ALWAYS BE ALERT FOR SECONDARY DEVICES !
Chemical (CBRNE) Industrial Chemicals Chemical Agents
Chemical Use It has been shown in Iraq that a chlorine laden commercial vehicle makes an incredible WMD. In the recent past there have been increasing attacks utilizing chlorine tankers with explosives used to release the poisonous gas.
Biological (CBRNE) Bacteria Rickettsiae Viruses Toxins
Radiological & Nuclear (CBRNE) The nuclei of certain naturally occurring isotopes, and of others produced artificially, contain excess energy, i.e., they are unstable. To attain stability, nuclei with excess energy emit that energy in the form of nuclear, ionizing radiation and, in that process, frequently change into different elements.
Radiation Stability • Radioactive Decay - Radioactive decay is the process by which radionuclides decay, emitting ionizing radiation. • Half-Life - is defined as the time required for half of the atoms of a given sample of radioisotope to decay.
Types of Radiation • Alpha • Beta • Gamma • Neutron
Explosive (CBRNE) Explosives are classified as low or high explosives according to their rates of decomposition. Low explosives burn rapidly (or deflagrate). High explosives ordinarily detonate.
Low Explosive • Black Powder • Safety Fuse • Photoflash Powder
High Explosive These are normally employed in warheads. They undergo detonation at rates of 3,300 to 28,500 feet per second. High explosives are conventionally subdivided into two classes and differentiated by sensitivity: Primary Secondary
Monitoring / Detection Ion Mobility Spectrometry Photo Ionization Detectors (PID) Flame Ionization Detectors (FID) Flame Spectrophotometer Detector (FPD) Surface Acoustic Wave / Gas Chromatograph (SAAW/GC)
Ion Spectrometry An ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) is a spectrometer capable of detecting and identifying very low concentrations of chemicals based upon the differential migration of gas phase ions through a homogeneous electric field.
Photo Ionization Detectors A photo ionization detector or PID uses an ultraviolet (UV) lightsource to break molecules to positively charged ions that can easily be counted with a detector.
Flame Ionization Detectors An FID is an ion detector which uses an air-hydrogen flame to produce ions. As components elute from the GC's column they pass through the flame and are burned, producing ions.
Flame Spectrophotometer Detector (FPD) The flame spectrophotometer detector is a relatively new technology that shows great promise to detect and quantify all associated IDLH issues for emergency responders that have to perform an initial assessment during a WMD event.
Surface Acoustic Wave / Gas Chromatograph (SAAW/GC) SAW/GC meters are another of the new and emerging technologies to show great potential in the detection and identification of TICs and chemical warfare materials. The acoustic values of the crystals can be applied in conjunction with engineered principles of operation found in gas chromatograph systems for an very accurate reading of a possibly toxic environment to the emergency responder.
Medical Monitoring The WMD Tech should have a working knowledge of how to read results from medical diagnostic and sampling equipment and reading instruments.
