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Golden Rain Tree

Golden Rain Tree. Koelreuteria elegans (Seem) Sapindaceae. Biology. Native to Taiwan Medium sized, deciduous tree 25 to 50 feet in height 35 to 50 foot diameter spread. Background. Economic Uses Popular ornamental tree Colorful petals and rose-colored fruit capsules. Distribution.

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Golden Rain Tree

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  1. Golden Rain Tree Koelreuteria elegans (Seem) Sapindaceae

  2. Biology • Native to Taiwan • Medium sized, deciduous tree • 25 to 50 feet in height • 35 to 50 foot diameter spread

  3. Background Economic Uses • Popular ornamental tree • Colorful petals and rose-colored fruit capsules

  4. Distribution • Found throughout much of Florida, Louisiana, Alabama, and Texas • Commonly found along roadways and disturbed areas and forest edges • Generally as a direct escape from cultivation

  5. Golden Rain Tree Distribution in Florida

  6. Impacts • Category II invasive species (FLEPPC) • Not been shown to spread into undisturbed sites • Readily establishes, fast growth • Increased seed viability in warmer climates

  7. Identification

  8. Mature Plant • Generally 20 to 40 feet in height, • Bark is furrowed length-wise, with a corky appearance • Seedlings resemble native sumac

  9. Leaves • Alternate arrangement on stem • Bipinnately compound • Multiple leaflets each containing several leaflets • Ovate to oblong in shape

  10. Flowers and Fruit • Pale to bright yellow • 12 to 20 inches long • Densely pubescent • Fruit is pink, oval shape, 1-3 inches • Papery capsule • Small, black seeds

  11. Management Preventative Cultural Mechanical Biological Chemical

  12. Preventative • Limit planting as an ornamental • Remove existing plants, targeting larger more mature trees first to reduce seed • Avoid use of possibly contaminated mulch with seeds • Rouge out trees in abandoned areas

  13. Cultural • Alternative landscape plants to replace golden rain tree • Programs to educate homeowners about the problems associated with this tree and proper identification • Maintain good ground cover and mixture of plant species to reduce establishment

  14. Biological • There are no known biological control agents available for golden rain tree management in Florida or the southeastern U.S.

  15. Mechanical • Hand pull young seedlings, including all roots, repeated pulling for resprouts • Cut tree down at ground level • Girdling is effective for large trees • Cut through bark approximately 6 inches above the ground, encircling tree base • Mowing is effective on small saplings and resprouts, but must be repeated

  16. Chemical - Foliar • Over-the-top applications for seedlings, resprouts and small trees • Thoroughly wet leaves with herbicide • Triclopyr – 2% solution • Glyphosate – 2 to 3% solution • Use surfactant at 0.25% • Best results applied July to October

  17. Chemical - Basal • Individual trees, near desirable species • Use 25% triclopyr solution with basal oil • Apply 12 to 15 inches above ground on tree trunk • Wet thoroughly for good control, spray until run-off is noticeable at ground line

  18. Chemical – Cut Stump • Individual trees, near desirable species • Cut trunks/stems horizonally at or near ground level • Apply 25% solution of glyphosate or triclopyr • Cover the outer 20% of the stump • Marker (blue) dye is helpful

  19. Useful Links • Floridata Homepage: http://www.floridata.com • University of Florida Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants: http://aquat1.ifas.ufl.edu/welcome.html • University of Florida’s Cooperative Extension Electronic Data Information Source: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/index.html

  20. Useful Links • The Plant Conservation Alliance's Alien Plant Working Group. Weeds Gone Wild: Alien Plant Invaders of Natural Areas: http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/index.htm • Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER). Plant Threats to Pacific Ecosystems: http://www.hear.org/pier/threats.htm

  21. Useful Links • Gilman, E.F. and D.G. Watson. 1993. Koelreuteria elegans: Flamegold. Fact Sheet ENH-496, a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/BODY_ST337

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