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Understanding Series and Parallel Circuits: Key Concepts and Comparisons

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In this chapter, students will explore the differences between series and parallel circuits, focusing on how each circuit operates and the implications for electric flow and power distribution. Key learning outcomes include comparing circuit types, recognizing generator limitations, and modifying the Electron Shuffle model of electricity. Activities will involve group quizzes, investigations, and hands-on experiments with light bulbs in different configurations to visually reinforce theoretical concepts. Prepare to engage with the language of electricity through practical applications and discussions.

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Understanding Series and Parallel Circuits: Key Concepts and Comparisons

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  1. Chapter 6, Section 3 Series and Parallel Circuits: Lighten Up

  2. May 29, 2012HW: 6.3 PTG, pg. 621, #1-9, due Fri • LO • Compare series and parallel circuits and learn the language of electricity. • SC • Compare series and parallel circuits • Recognize generator output limit • Modify the Electron-Shuffle model of electricity • Do Now: • 6.2 Group Quiz…to get you thinking again! • Copy LO and SC on new left side page • WDYS/WDYT pg. 614 • Agenda: • Do Now • Investigate Part A

  3. Do Now 5/29/12 • WDYS/WDYT pg. 614

  4. Investigate Part A • Electron Shuffle • 3 bulbs in parallel • Coulombs go to • Light Bulb 1 if your bday is in Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr • Light Bulb 2 if your bday is in May, June, July, August • Light Bulb 3 if your bday is in Sept, Oct, Nov, Dec • 1-volt battery=1 Joule per Coulomb • Battery: “The battery Voltage is 1 Volt, which equals one joule of energy for each coulomb” • Coulomb: “One coulomb of energy receiving one joule of energy” • Light Bulb: “I just received 1 Joule of energy from that coulomb”

  5. Students answer... • Pg. 615 • #4a, b

  6. Investigate Part A • Electron Shuffle • 3 Volt battery • 1 Amp current

  7. Investigate Part A • Electron Shuffle • 1 Volt battery • 2 Amp current

  8. Students answer… • Pg. 616 • #7 a-e

  9. April 5, 2011HW: 6.3 PTG, pg. 621, #1-9, due Wed • LO • Compare series and parallel circuits and learn the language of electricity. • SC • Compare series and parallel circuits • Recognize generator output limit • Modify the Electron-Shuffle model of electricity • Do Now: • Pg. 616, #7a-e • Word Web • Agenda: • Do Now • Investigate Part B • Notes • Summary

  10. Do Now 5/30/12 • Pg. 616, #7a-e • Word Web

  11. Investigate Part B • #1-2 complete in groups, discussion • #3-4 complete in groups, show teacher • #5-6 complete in groups, show teacher, discussion

  12. April 7, 2011HW: Study for Test Monday • LO • Compare series and parallel circuits and learn the language of electricity. • SC • Compare series and parallel circuits • Recognize generator output limit • Modify the Electron-Shuffle model of electricity • Do Now: • Period 1: complete 6.3 worksheet you started yesterday • Period 4: Finish Lab • Agenda: • Period 1 • Do Now • Homework • Summary • Period4 • Do Now • Worksheet • Summary

  13. Physics Talk • Series Circuit • Total voltage of the battery is divided equally between all bulbs in the circuit. • Coulombs of charge must go through each bulb and drop off joules of energy. • If one bulb is removed, the circuit is open and ALL the bulbs will go out. • 1 volt battery, each bulb will receive 1/3 • Bulbs will appear dimmer

  14. Physics Talk • Parallel Circuit • Total voltage provided to each bulb is equal to the voltage of the battery. • Each bulb has a complete circuit from the battery to the bulb and back to the battery • If one bulb is removed, others will remain lit • Bulbs will be equally bright. • Battery will run out more quickly

  15. Physics Talk • Series example: • 6 volt battery • How many joules will each bulb get? • Parallel Example • 6 volt battery • How many joules will each bulb get?

  16. Physics Talk • What about the current in a parallel circuit? • Current (coulombs/sec) is divided in a parallel circuit • Example: If a parallel circuit has a 3 amp current, each bulb gets one amp of current • How much current would each bulb get if it was a 9 amp circuit?

  17. Put it all together! • 9 Volt battery with a 3 amp current • Each bulb receives ____ joules of energy • Each bulb receives ____ amps of current

  18. Put it all together! • 9 Volt battery with a 3 amp current • Each bulb receives __9__ joules of energy • Each bulb receives __1__ amps of current • One coulomb will pass each resistor (bulb) every second and drop 6 volts there.

  19. Physics Talk • What is a resistor? • What is voltage drop? • A conductor that controls the current in a circuit. • How many joules the coulomb drops off at each resistor

  20. The Language of Electricity • 2 kinds of electric charges • Positive (protons) • Negative (electrons) • Like charges (++ or - -) will repel • Protons and electrons have opposite but equal charges • Protons (1+) • Electrons (1-)

  21. The language of electricity • Electrons move in circuits and carry the electrical current delivering energy to the bulb • Protons do not flow because they are locked within atoms • Standard “package” of electric charge is called a Coulomb (C)=6.25 x 1018 electrons • Approximately the charge of a bolt of lightning!

  22. The language of electricity • Standard rate of flow through a circuit is an ampere (A). • # coulombs that pass through a point in one second

  23. The language of electricity • Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric charge • Resistors are objects that oppose flow of electric charge (light bulb) • Example: High resistance-Tungsten filaments in light bulbs glow as they “rob” energy from passing electrons, causes the tungsten to get hot and glow=LIGHT! • Example: Low resistance-copper wire, electrons transfer little energy so we use copper to conduct electricity in circuits • Measured in Ohms (Ω) • Was the steel wool high or low resistance? Why?

  24. The language of electricity • Batteries or generators provide energy to the electrons (coulombs) • Energy given to each coulomb is measured in Volts (V)

  25. How do we draw circuits?

  26. Essential Questions pg. 620 • What does it mean? • How do you know? • Why should you care? • LO and SC reflection

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