1. PHARE Achievements Dr. H. Schröter PHARE Programme Manager EUROCONTROL version 1.1 , 31.5.99

2. PHARE’s Achievements • Outline the Achievements of PHARE • Specific results and lessons learnt are covered in other presentations • Spin-offs from PHARE for early implementation and further development • Highlight the successes, not hiding the items which did not work • Influence on the future ATM R&D in Europe • ATM R&D coordination

3. Potential ATM Research Issues as seen in 1990 • Airborne and ground systems interaction • The possible and acceptable level of automation support • The man-machine interaction • The influence of airspace organisation and • The procedures applied by ATC

4. Key PHARE Research Topics • Full use of the capabilities of the aircraft’s systems , Development of the Experimental Flight Management System • Advanced automation support for controllers • Ground Human Machine Interface for operating such automation support • Use of datalink for the exchange of information between air and ground, in particular for the process of trajectory negotiation • Better meteorological forecasting to improve the trajectory prediction • Use of common methodology and standard tools/ procedures for validation.

5. The PHARE Programme • Progressive increased collaboration : • Exchange of information and harmonisation of tools • Formulation of common goals and exchange of results • Definition and execution of shared and commonly financed activities • Merging of “bottom-up” and “top-down”, definition of a structured research programme • 11 Projects with defined timescale and budget frame • Basic PHARE Agreement complemented by a special agreement for each project

6. PHARE Studies • “Medium Term Scenario 2000-2015” Description of the PHARE Concept • Complemented by :Detailed operational specifications and scenario descriptions for each of the PHARE Demonstrations • “Operational experiments within PHARE” • “The role of the man within PHARE” • “PHARE Air-Ground Data Exchange”

7. Airborne Programme (1) • Airborne Programme: two closely relatedprojects 1. Experimental Flight Management System (EFMS) 2. Airborne Human Machine Interface (AHMI) EFMS Development • to demonstrate the capabilities of advanced 4D FMS • to negotiate “User preferred trajectories” • to guide the aircraft on that trajectory in space and time AHMI • to allow pilots (of live research aircraft) in a realistic cockpit environment to participate in the real-time simulation experiments

8. Airborne Programme (2) • EFMS and AHMI deployed in • VFW (Advanced Technology Testing Aircraft) of DLR (Germany) • CESSNA CITATION II of NLR (The Netherlands) • BAC1-11 of NATS/DERA • the Multi-Cockpit Simulator (Boeing 747) of EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre (Brétigny, France) • Airline pilots participated in • specific evaluation of these systems • PHARE Demonstrations • Overall great success • Concept of 4D Navigation readily achievable • Direct manipulation of trajectories appreciated • Trajectory negotiation quickly assimilated

9. PHARE Common Modular Simulator (CMS) • Aimed at providing an environment for interfacing software components from the different partners and providing a platform for initial testing • Definition of an open modular architecture and Application Programming Interfaces • Prototype development of such common platform showing the technical feasibility of its approach , successfully achieved • Full application for PHARE Demonstrations has not been achieved • CMS project has contributed significantly to the present definition of a European ATM integration platform

10. PHARE Advanced Tools (PATs) set • Common Definition and Development of nine Advanced Tools by separate teams of the partners • No missing functionality or tool was found in the experimental trials, however some conceptual mismatches • The objective of each tool was achieved and all were used in one or the other PHARE trial • The objective to use all tools together in one tool-set in the PD/3 trials was not successfully achieved • The Demonstrations showed that some tools provided considerable advantages even without data link and 4D trajectories

11. PHARE Ground Human Machine Interface (GHMI) • Elaboration of Human-Machine Interface specifications by an international team of human factors specialist, engineers, operational experts • Advanced features used : Colour, windowing, features of standard software tools • Highly successful, major contribution to a quasi standard future HMI

12. PHARE Aeronautical Telecommunications Network (PATN) • Datalink is a key element of the PHARE concept • PHARE Demo 1 used enhanced Mode-S capabilities • PHARE Demo 2 used a dedicated high speed VHF data link • For PHARE Demo 3 an experimental Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (using the SATCOM subnetwork) was set-up • Disappointing performance of the SATCOM subnetwork • More work needs has to be done (and has started) using commercial data link to demonstrate their capabilities for future ATM applications

13. PHARE Meteorological project • Additionally contracted Partners : • UK MET office • METEO France • Successful development and test of a numerical prediction model using aircraft derived down-linked data to achieve an improved weather “nowcast” • Not used in real-time as component of the PHARE Demonstrations • Considered as a potential solution for future implementation

14. PHARE Validation project • Development of a common methodology • Production of recommended Measures of Merit for evaluating trials results • Production of analytical methods for assessing trials measurements • Successful application of these principles in the PHARE Demonstrations • Major contribution to the definitions in the “EATMS Validation Strategy Document” which is considered the basis for ongoing validation activities within the European ATM R&D

15. PHARE Demonstration Programme 1995 1999 1997 1998 1996 1994 1993 En-Route PC/TC PD1++ Development & Integration PD1 PD1+ TMA Validated Options for EATMS Development & Integration PD2 PD2+ En-Route, TMA @ 3 sites PD3CT IOCPs, Development & Integration Project Definition PD3

16. PHARE Demonstration Results PD/1 & PD/2: Significant results. Potential for increase in traffic throughput/reduction of controller workload PD/3: Did not fully satisfy expectations. In general, the PHARE Demonstrations confirmed : • feasibility of PHARE Concept • assumption of high accuracy flying of 4D trajectories • possibility of de-conflicting of aircraft up to about 30 min. ahead • acceptability of automation tools • benefits even in a mix of not fully 4D FMS equipped aircraft • requirement for good performance data link for achieving full benefit

17. Spin-offs Spin-offs relate to the • progressive alignment of understanding on a possible advanced ATM concept • deliverables and products developed • orientation and co-ordination of ATM Research and Development

18. Influence on ATM R&D and Co-operation • European understanding and mind-setting • PHARE-X Association • Development of an R&D Strategy in support of EATCHIP • Set-up of European ATM R&D Programme Review Group, Prioritisation of R&D topics contributing to ATM2000+ Strategy • Stimulation of co-operation between the European Commission and EUROCONTROL • Co-operation with the US FAA and NAV Canada

19. Outlook • “CARE” (Co-operative Actions of R&D in EUROCONTROL) • Co-operation has value • Areas of improvement identified and to be applied in “CARE” • PHARE has found its successor • PHARE achievements will contribute to the success of “CARE”.

20. PHARE Achievements Dr. H. Schröter PHARE Programme Manager EUROCONTROL version 1.1 , 31.5.99