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Lightning and upper-tropospheric water vapor (UTWV). Theory Water vapor should increase with increasing temperature UTWV increases even more so, due to transport: Deep convection deposits large amounts of water vapor in the upper troposphere – largely through sublimation of anvil ice
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Lightning and upper-tropospheric water vapor (UTWV) Theory Water vapor should increase with increasing temperature UTWV increases even more so, due to transport: Deep convection deposits large amounts of water vapor in the upper troposphere – largely through sublimation of anvil ice So should UTWV vary with lightning activity on regional to global scales? UTWV thought to act as a positive feedback to warming – additional positive feedback by increasing frequency/intensity of deep convection? A complex question: Diagnostic for climate change (more lightning/storms = more UTWV) As a feedback process – increase absorption of longwave radiation by water vapor warming increased deep convection? Price (2000) Price and Asfur (2006)
NASA Water Vapor Project (NVAP) NCEP-NCAR Reanalyses Challenges: Difficulty of measuring water vapor on a global scale How to measure global lightning activity (easily)? – Price (2000), Price and Asfur(2006) propose use of Schumann resonances – easily measurable ELF radiation at any location around the globe; very well correlated with UTWV Schumann resonance variability as an indicator of UTWV variability – simple means to measure global lightning activity; no complex global detection necessary If Schumann resonance magnetic field amplitudes (what’s shown in plots) increase over time, can we infer a similar change in UTWV – preliminary studies suggest we can – need better water vapor measurements! Price (2000), Price and Asfur (2006)