1. The Endocrine System Chapter 13

2. The other controller • CNS • Reactions • Preventing tissue damage • Electrical in nature – so it’s FAST • Endocrine system is all about the long haul • Homeostasis • More like travel by boat

3. Endocrine system controls long term processes like: • Mobilizing defense systems • Maintains electrolyte and nutrient balance • Regulates metabolism

4. Chemistry of Hormones • Amino acid based • Water soluble • Cannot cross cell membranes • Second-messenger system • Steroid • Diffuses through cell membranes • Direct gene activation • Goes to nucleus • Starts mRNA transcription

5. What prompts endocrine glands to release or not release hormones? • Negative feedback mechanisms

6. Endocrine stimuli include • Hormonal Stimuli • Hypothalamus pituitary gland  growth hormones • Humoral Stimuli • Ion or nutrient levels in the blood triggers reactions • Neural Stimuli • Nerve fibers can stimulate hormone release

7. Major organs of the endocrine system include:

8. Two types of glands • Endocrine • Ductless • Secrete into bloodstream • Ex: glucagon & insulin • Exocrine • Secretes through ducts • Ex: Lipase

9. Pituitary Gland (the master) • Small but mighty • Growth hormone to bones and muscles • Prolactin to breast tissue

10. Pituitary gland • Sometimes targets other glands • Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) targets adrenal glands • Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) targets thyroid gland • Gonadotropic hormones • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) – targets ovaries & testes • Luteinizing hormone (LH) – targets ovaries

11. But even the master has a master • Hypothalamus makes ocytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and stores them in posterior pituitary • Posterior pituitary is neural tissue not endocrine

12. Today’s assignment – word wall illustrations • Steroids v. amino acid based hormones • Pancreatic gland (show that is is endocrine & exocrine) • Anterior pituitary is glandular, not the posterior • Hormones secreted by pituitary that affect bones & muscles • Hormones secreted by pituitary that affect other glands Graded on: - Neatness & Color • Illustrates a concept covered today • 5 illustrations. Finish for homework if not in class