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Hadron Collider Physics

This outline highlights the antecedents, group composition, past scientific activities, detector contribution, physics analysis, objectives, and funding request of IFCA and Univ. of Oviedo in Hadron Collider Physics.

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Hadron Collider Physics

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  1. Hadron Collider Physics IFCA (CSIC-Univ. of Cantabria) + Univ. of Oviedo FPA - May 2011 C. Martínez Rivero & J. Cuevas

  2. outline • Antecedents & Groups composition • Past Scientific activities • Detector contribution • Physics analysis • Objectives & Funding request • Summary 1

  3. Antecedents • CMS experiment (Compact Muon Solenoid): Since mid 1994 • Detector construction: muon alignment system • Software development detector specific: simulation/reconstruction packages, muon alignment • Physics analysis: Top, SUSY, Higgs and EW physics • CDF experiment (Collider Detector at Fermilab): Since Feb. 1999 • CDFII Detector upgrade & operation: m scintillation counters, ToF detector • Physics analysis: B physics, and Top quark physics (ttbar and single top), Higgs physics 2

  4. Group Composition • 25 people signing this project: • 19 from IFCA • 6 from UO. (We are ~30 people from the IFCA and the Oviedo Univ. groups -including pre-doc students and technical personnel- signing CMS papers And ~7 people working in CDF ) • Relevant scientific positions in CMS: • T. Rodrigo: Collaboration Board chairperson • G.Gomez: Muon Alignment coordinator • J.Cuevas: HWW coordinator 3

  5. outline • Antecedents & Groups composition • Past Scientific activities • Detector contribution • Physics analysis • Objectives & Funding request • Summary 4

  6. Detector contribution: Muon Alignment Increase in Precision & Constraint Weak dof Validation and accuracy • Measurements during chamber construction & chamber calibration before installation (internal chamber structure) • Survey and Photogrammetry techniques during detector installation and assembly (from 0.3 to 1.5 mm) • Optical measurements in continuous mode during commissioning and operation (from 200 to 500 mm) • Alignment with tracks (cosmics, beam halo and collision tracks) at the different steps (up to 100 mm level) 5

  7. Detector contribution: Optical Alignment System Link Ali. Internal Barrel Ali. Internal EndCap Ali. Internal Tracker Aim: Monitoring the muon chamber relative positions (barrel and endcap) with respect to the tracker. • Physics requirements: • Tracker support structures at ~100 m • Muon chambers at~ 200 m in rf • Muon align components: • Light sources: 10000 LEDs + 150 lasers. • ~900 Photosensors + ~ 600 analog sensors • (position, tilt sensors ) • Temperature, humidity and Magnetic probes •  ~ 30000 parameters in the geometrical reco • Design Constrains: • Hermeticity (the system must adapt to the detector geometry and the lack of space) • Dynamic range (several cm) • Radiation resistant • B y ΔB components immunity 6

  8. Detector contribution: Optical Alignment System YB+2 YE+1 DCOPS LD AR Link line MAB ASPDs SLM 7

  9. Detector contribution: Optical Alignment System AFTER ANY CLOSING OF THE DETECTOR, THE ALIGNMENT SYSTEM ENTERS IN PLAY TO OBTAIN THE REAL GEOMETRY 8

  10. Detector contribution: Detector Geometry Reconstruction Barrel Permanent 16mm Reconstruction of the Barrel and Endcap Geometry wrt Tracker reference • Measured geometry with the detector closed and no B field • Detector geometry at 4T field (displacements/deformations from 0T to 4T) PhD thesis of Mar Sobrón. 2009 Motions of the CMS detector structures due to magnetic field forces as observed by the Link alignment system during the test of the 4 Tesla Magnet solenoid. By A.Calderon et al. Nucl. Instrum Methods A606(2009) ~ 3 mrad Movement of YE+1 Nose ~ 16mm Z-sag with field The strong Magnetic field inside the solenoid pull the endcap central part towards the IP, in a cone shape 9

  11. Detector contribution: Detector Geometry Reconstruction CMS Side view Nominal CSC position Not to scale B=3.8T   <x>: 1.3mrad    <x>: 1.3mrad  rglobal <x>: 2.4mrad <x>: 2.6mrad <x>: 2.7mrad <x>: 2.2mrad   zglobal <x>: 4.4mrad < x>: 4.4mrad       x= 0 <x>: 2.7mrad <x>: 2.2mrad <ΔzME+1/2>: -5.04 mm <ΔzME-1/2>: 5.94 mm <x>: 1.6mrad <x>: 2.5mrad <x>: 1.9mrad <x>: 1.6mrad   <ΔzME-2/1>: 10.23 mm <ΔzME-3/1>: 11.39 mm <ΔzME+3/1>: -4.31 mm <ΔzME-4/1>: 8.49 mm <ΔzME+4/1>: 0.65 mm <ΔzME+2/1>: -0.97 mm <ΔzME+1/1>: -17.57 mm <ΔzME-1/1>: 16.73 mm   nom. nom.       Pink: Aligned by Tracker-Muon Link system Blue: Updated ! Aligned by Muon Endcap optical & analog (Z sensors) System Red: No alignment yet   Nominal CSC position       <ΔzME+3/2>: 3.26 mm <ΔzME+2/2>: 6.74 mm <ΔzME-2/2>: 2.74 mm <ΔzME-3/2>: 3.86 mm <ΔzME+1/3>: -4.08 mm <ΔzME-1/3>: 4.08 mm ME+4 ← Muon Endcap stations → ME+3 ME+2 ME+1 ME-1 ME-2 ME-4 ME-3 10

  12. Detector contribution: Reconstruction accuracy System performance: Accuracy:difference between PG (~300 mm) and fitted positions. 140m Resolution: Measured-Simulated hit coordinate 80m 11

  13. Detector contribution: Internal Alignment of DT chambers Aim to provide the internal geometry of DT chambers using all available data: Quality Controlmeasurements Survey & Photogrammetry measurements, and Cosmic tracks from commissioning runs • Alignment corrections have been validated in different run conditions • We observe: • A centering of the residual distribution, with a RMS of displacements ~ 80 mm and ~20 mrad (as expected from construction tolerances) • Stable results over several years (and locations assembly and collision halls) MTCC Local Runs Commisioning 12

  14. Detector contribution: Alignment of DT chambers in wheels Cosmic and collision data are used to obtain alignment constants and to check the performance of the survey corrections. Corrected geometries are used in “real analysis” Alignment of the CMS Muon system with cosmic ray and beam halo muons. CMS Coll. JINST 5:T03020.2010 PhD thesis of Pablo Martinez. 2010 13

  15. Detector contribution: Organization and tasks In CMS: Gervasio Gomez: coordinator of the CMS muon alignment. Luca Scodellaro: Barrel muon alignment contact person (DPG groups) Luca Scodellaro: Responsible for Ali-DB updating (ALCA-Software groups) 14

  16. outline • Antecedents & Groups composition • Past Scientific activities • Detector contribution • Physics analysis • Objectives & Funding request • Summary 15

  17. CDF-CMS physics analysis program CDF Physics: towards the analysis of the full dataset. Single-Top and low mass Higgs 2 Phd completed (B. Casal 2010, B. Alvarez 2010) CMS Physics: Just starting the LHC physics program: Study processes with two leptons + MET in all possible final states Before the start of the LHC data taking From PTDR to 10 TeV estimations 2 PhD completed (J. Vizan 2009, R. González 2010) Analysis of collision data J/Psi, and  at the beginning of the data taking Top quark physics (1 PhD P. Lobelle, 2011) SM Higgs searches (one of the major goals for the LHC and its detectors) (3 PhD in progress, C. Jorda, J. Duarte, L. Lloret) SUSY searches: OS/SS (2 PhD in progress, J.A. Brochero, S. Folgueras) 16

  18. CDF: Observation of Single top production The last big step toward understanding the top quark has been the observation of single-top production. Fundamental process as it is directly proving the EWK couplings of the top quark. Direct test of the Vtb element of the CKM matrix. The observation was achieved with the combination of several signatures and channels. Intense use of high-level optimization techniques. Test bed for the strategy in Higgs analyses. Measured cross sections by both collaborations in agreement with expectations from the SM. 3.2 fb-1 Observation paper published in PRL: T. Aaltonen et al. [CDF Collaboration], Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 092002 (2009). 3.2 fb-1 Observation full documentation paper published in PRD: T. Aaltonen et al. [CDF Collaboration], Phys. Rev. D 82, 112005 (2010). PhD by Bruno Casal (IFCA) 2010 17

  19. CDF: Low Mass Higgs at Tevatron: WH → ln bb Reference channel due to the presence of a lepton: high sensitivity. Signature extended with “loose” (i.e. non-trigger) leptons to increase acceptance. Several channel used: 3-jet, tagging categories... Several optimizations: Neural-network, ME-based discriminants... New result 5.6 fb-1: 95% C.L. observed (expected) limit over the SM obtained in this signature: 3.6 (3.5) s for a Higgs mass of 115 GeV/c2 2.7 fb-1T. Aaltonen et al. [CDF Collaboration], Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 101802 (2009)5.6 (4.8) s PhD Thesis by Barbara Alvarez 2010 18 19

  20. CMS:  Production Paper accepted April 28 2011 to be published in Physical Review D Low luminosity analysis, used also to measure muon reconstruction efficiency for the first time using collison data 19

  21. CMS: Top quark physics: di-leptons + jets 3 pb-1 data sample Expect ∼10 events signal Dilepton features: less frequent but easy to see Clean final states, eμ the cleanest Cut and count method Online: Single e OR μ trigger Two opposite-charge leptons pT>20 GeV. Lepton isolation Two or more jets (anti-Kt 0.5) with pT>30 GeV MET > 30(20) GeV ee,μμ (eμ) Veto Mll near Z in ee,μμ: |Mass-91| > 15GeV Backgrounds Non-W/Z e/μ from j→ l rate in QCD dijets “jet→ e/μ”: Includes fakes and b/c->e/μ DY in ee/μμ normalized to events near Z MC for the rest: dibosons, tW, DY→ ττ First top cross section measurement at LHC. σ(pp → t¯t) = 194 ± 72(stat.) ± 24(syst.) ± 21(lumi.) pb. Consistent with NLO prediction of 157.5 (+23.2 −24.4) pb for a top quark mass of mt = 172.5 GeV/c2 PhD Thesis Jesus Vizán / Patricia Lobelle (IFCA/U. Oviedo) Phys. Lett. B 695 (2011) 424-443 20 21

  22. CMS: Measurement of the top-quark pair production cross section in the dilepton channel at s1/2=7 TeV • List of available ANs and supporting documents. • Combination note (summarize contributions, starting point of the documentation) : • AN-11-018, Top dilepton working group : Combination of results and summary of measurement of the top pair production cross section at 7 TeV in 2010 data. • Cross section measurements without b-tagging : • AN-10-410, UCSB/SD, FNAL : A measurement of top quark pair production cross section in dilepton final states in pp collisions at 7 TeV. Reference analysis. • AN-10-414, LIP : Measurement of the ttbar production cross section in the dilepton channel at 7TeV. Reference analysis for NJet=1. • AN-10-428, Desy : Measurement of the top quark pair production cross section in the dimuon decay channel at 7 TeV. Cross-check analysis. • AN-10-380, Korea U./SKKU: Top-quark pair production cross section measurement using particle flow algorithm in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV. Cross-check analysis. • Cross section measurements with b-tagging : • AN-10-406, Oviedo/IFCA: Measurement of the ttbar cross section in the dilepton final state using b-tagging at 7 TeV. Reference analysis. • AN-10-389, IPHC : Measurement of the top dilepton cross section using b-tagging at 7TeV with 36.1pb-1 in pp collisions. Cross-check analysis. • AN-10-410, include b-tagging SF estimate. Cross-check analysis. • Cross section normalized with Z events : • AN-10-429, Desy : Measurement of the cross-section ratio of top-pair production and Z0 production in pp collisions at 7 TeV using the CMS dectector. Reference analysis for the μμ channel. • AN-10-410, Reference analysis for the ee channel. 21

  23. CMS: Top pair cross section with full 2010 luminosity More than a simple update: combination of different selections, more tests of data driven backgrounds estimate, detailed studies of trigger and lepton selection efficiencies. The final measurement is done by combining 9 measurements : 3 channels for 3 different selections. Dilepton ee + mm + em PhD Thesis by Patricia Lobelle (IFCA/U. Oviedo) Final reading on Saturday! 22

  24. CMS: Top quark pair cross section All measurements consistent between themselves Also consistent with theoretical NNLO predictions 23

  25. CMS: SM HWW search • Higgs to WW is the most sensitive channel for Higgs searches in a wide range of Higgs masses. • Among various channels for the Standard Model Higgs searches, CMS only published in 2011 the Higgs to WW in dilepton final state based on 2010 full luminosity. • Other channels don’t have enough sensitivity with 36 pb-1 at 7 TeV. 24

  26. CMS: WW Production and Higgs search • two energetic isolated leptons (electron or muon), pt>20GeV - QCD, Wjets • large missing transverse energy (MET)and Z veto - Drell-Yan • jet veto (no jets above 25GeV Pt) – Top • kinematics (mll, Df) – WW • Final step selection requirements are optimized for different Higgs mass hypotheses Lepton PT > 20 GeV Projected MET > 35 GeV or > 20 GeV for eμ Mll Veto: MZ ± 15 GeV Jet Veto: PT > 25 GeV Top Veto: bTag + soft-μ Drell-Yan has 4-order of magnitude higher cross-section than Higgs(160) and the main discriminating power comes from requiring large missing energy Top background (TTbar and TW) is the next dominant background for WW final state with the cross-section a factor of 20 larger than Higgs(160) WW cross section: 41.1 ± 15.3 ± 5.8 ± 4.8 pb SM NLO σ(WW) = 41.1 ± 2.0 pb σ(WW)/σ(W) : (4.46 ± 1.66 ± 0.64) ✕ 10–4 SM NLO σ(WW)/σ(W) = (4.45 ± 0.30) ✕ 10–4 25

  27. CMS: WW Production • Electro-weak WW production is an irreducible background for Higgs to WW, which has a factor of 5 larger cross-section than Higgs(160). • Kinematic distributions is the primary source of discriminating power. • At low mass Higgs the angular correlation of the leptons helps to extract signal • WW and Higgs to WW get very similar kinematic distributions for 200-250GeV Higgs mass range. That is a region with worst sensitivity • Below 160GeV one of the W boson is off-shell leading to significant drop of the cross-section. Experimentally it becomes challenging since the minimum lepton pt threshold need to be lowered to ~10 GeV and Wjets background increases • Background estimation strategy is to use high dilepton mass region dominated by WW to estimate the amount of background in the Higgs signal region. 26

  28. CMS: SM HWW search Dilepton mass distribution for the events passing the W+W− selection for SM Higgs signal and background After WW selection S/B still small, two analyses, one using sequential cuts and rely on MVA techniques - Boosted Decision Tree algorithm to combine multiple discriminating variables: mll, ΔφllΔη, angles between MET and leptons, projected MET, transverse mass of each lepton & MET and final state flavor (ee, eμ, μμ) - MVA gives roughly ~20-30% better sensitivity Phys.Lett. B699 (2011) 25-47 - 95% C.L. upper limit is a factor of 2 bigger than the Standard Model x-section for HWW160 - A Standard Model extension with 4 fermion generations predicts roughly a factor of 9 enhancement in the x-section. - For this model Higgs is excluded in the mass range from 144GeV to 207GeV PhD Thesis by Patricia Lobelle 27

  29. CMS: Running at 7 TeV on 2011-2013(?) 28

  30. CMS: cMSSM – OS Dileptons + MET CMS SUS-10-007, 14 Jan 2011 • SUSY gluino cascades down to many leptons, jets & LSPs • Select leptons PT1 > 20 GeV, PT2 > 10 GeV (ee,em,mm) + 2 Jets ET > 30 GeV • Look in region HT > 300 GeV and y=MET/HT½ > 8.5 GeV½ Limits for a specific choice of cMSSM space is shown. Information is provided in the paper (acceptances etc.), for setting limits on other choices or models. Student: J.Andres Brochero 29 30

  31. CMS: cMSSM – SS Dileptons + MET • SUSY squark/gluino cascades down to same sign leptons, jets & LSPs • Baseline: Select leptons PT1 > 20 GeV, PT2 > 10 GeV (e,mu or tau) + 2 Jets ET > 30 GeV • Background mainly from fake leptons and charge misidentifications CMS SUS-10-004, 14 Jan 2011 Student: Santiago Folgueras 30 31

  32. Physics Analysis Facility (Tier-3) We have built a dynamic and flexible computing infrastructure Based on a competitive central cluster with good connectivity and a powerful computer for each user Support both interactive and batch analysis Resources can be reassigned according to evolving needs Adiabatic upgrades possible Buy when needed Bestperformance/price • Storage based on hadoop • Great performance based on commodity hardware • Storage can be added very easily • A PROOF Analysis Framework was developed • Boosting the speed of our analysis development by fully exploiting our resources • Continuous monitoring and optimization of the system performance • Network bonding, disk partitioning, task distribution, etc… Current resources CMS services deployed: CMS Centre for remote detector operation (shifts), PhEDEx (transfers), FroNTieR (conditions database cache), PROOF Analysis Framework, CMSSW… General services: Batch queue, interactive pool, web publishing (wiki, blog, personal pages), backups, monitoring, dissemination portal and services, video conference,… 32

  33. Physics Analysis Facility (Tier-3) Event processing Starts from AOD(SIM) Data-Tier format since 2010: faster, min. physics info, economic in terms of disk space, only format available at T2 since 02/2011 Processed at Tier-2 (QCD large samples) and at Tier-3 (fast multiple iterative analysis of main backgrounds and signals) Skimming (10-15% eff.) & data format reduction from 200kB/ev to 30kB/ev 2009-2010 numbers ~10TB per MC production campaign / ~1TB for ~5pb-1 of data taken per reprocessing ~3×108 data and ~5×108 MC events per production campaign distributed in several tenths of datasets ~100k jobs to accomplish the task: produce a reduced set of data in ROOT formatwith the minimal physics content 40TB 2011 LHC evolution • Larger event content: up to 20 peak Pile-Up interactions • 3-7 fb-1 data expected at the end of 2011 Year 2012 not completely defined for LHC • Higher instantaneous luminosity (5E34?) • Reprocessing of previous (2010/2011) data 33

  34. Physics Analysis Facility (Tier-3) Needs for 2012-2014 strongly correlated with the pileup profile, i.e. the LHC instantaneous luminosity Increase of CMS HLT rate to 300 Hz has a less important effect • Storage and CPU needs at Tier-3 expected to double during 2012 assuming: • LHC Linst upgrade to 5.1033 cm-2 s-1 (pileup goes up to 4-8) • 2 MC campaigns and 2 data reprocessings per year • ROOT plain data format size: conservative maximum of 50kB/event (1/12) • Higher skimming efficiency : 20% (higher PT spectrum in data) 2011 • 2013-14scenario not fully defined yet: • LHC Linst upgrade? • Reprocessing of 2011-2012 data • Expected increase in storage and CPU) needs of 10-15% w.r.t 2012 • Aligned with CMS pledges for Tier-2s 34

  35. Organization and tasks 35

  36. outline • Antecedents & Groups composition • Past Scientific activities • Detector contribution • Physics analysis • Objectives & Funding request • Summary 36

  37. Objectives I: Muon Alignment • Operation and maintenance of the hardware Muon Alignment System • Regular operation of the system and update of geometrical DB’s • Maintenance of the ISR-Alignment test stand together with the organization and provision of updates during shutdown periods • Track alignment computations • Control of AlcaReco samples to perfom alignment with tracks • Performance of Global vs Standalone track alignment in order to detect biases Tracker vs Muon system • Maintain the flow and integration of the geometrical Database construction and access by CMS software 37

  38. Objectives II: CMS Physics Analysis • Continue and reinforce our activity in physics analysis. • Study of Top and EW processes as main areas for the control of physics objects • FR’s, efficiencies, b-tag, MET in close contact with POG’s • Searches for Higgs using mainly the H->WW->lnulnu topology • Use of MVA tools to separate signal from WW production • Searches for SUSY using 2 leptons + MET + HT • Either OS or SS leptons. Careful study of triggers. Rejection of main background (ttbar) • Tier-3 Physics Analysis Facility • Definition, acquisition, installation and maintenance of infrastructure. • Installation and upgrading of Physics Analysis Packages. • Support of interactive physics analysis (PROOF) 38

  39. Objectives III: CDF Physics Analysis • To contribute to the analyses searching for the Higgs boson in the WH production channel at low masses, using the full statistic collected by CDF detector during the RUNII • To maintain the computing and data storage infrastructure, in FNAL , IFCA and Oviedo, that will allow the optimal use of all the Tevatron available data statistics. 39

  40. Funding Request *Detector maintenance and operation Mainly in ESP (see next slides) Scientific exploitation: CMS and CDF physics analysis Personnel: 3 postdocs IFCA + 1 graduate UO FPI: 2 IFCA + 1 UO Computing Infrastructure for CMS: Tier 3 Travel expenses: collaboration meetings & conferences 40

  41. ESP: CMS operation & maintenance (CMS-MoA-2008-001) 41

  42. ESP: CMS operation & maintenance (CMS-MoA-2008-001) • Based on the number of signatures per institution (26 IFCA + 6 UO) our global contribution is requested to be of 8 people per year at CERN, to be shared between UO & IFCA according to their weight • We assume that 1/3 of this service work can be done remotely • 8 people x 12 months x 2500€/month x 2/3 * 3 years = 480 k€ • Divided as: 390 k€ IFCA and 90 k€ UO • Service work in alignment, muon DT’s, muon POG, ALCA group and Core Computing + central shifts 42

  43. outline • Antecedents & Groups composition • Past Scientific activities • Detector contribution • Physics analysis • Objectives & Funding request • Summary 43

  44. Summary The groups: • During the last years the UO group has consolidated a very active group with significant presence in CMS. • IFCA is a mature medium-size group with already significant research lines opened into the future: computing, hardware, software and analysis activities • The experiments: • CMS detector and collaboration as a whole is in a good shape exploiting succesfully the full set of data being taken since LHC beginning of collisions • We have a sizeable presence in the CMS analysis groups with a good number of students and postdocs already involved plus senior positions in coordination of Physics teams. • We are fulfilling all our commitements with the collaboration, both in hardware and software, and of course we are eager to be able to continue … provided we have funds • We have a rather consistent plan & organization for the operation of the detector during data taking period (and the expertise to adapt to new conditions). This plan has been agreed with the Muon (& CMS) community • We have made an effort to shape the group activities and scientific program in CMS in a coherent way, trying to optimize all available resources (personnel, computing infrastructure, expertise and interest, etc..) 44

  45. Summary CDF is still producing good physics • Up to now the balance investment/profit is extremely positive. We have make significant contributions to the experiment (and luckily they have been recognized and awarded) that we intend to terminate in a coherent way. • Our physics program in CDF is coherent with the one in CMS. There is a good overlap in terms of physics and personnel. PhD Thesis in the last years inside our groups: • CMS PhD Thesis: •  2010 Rebeca Gonzalez: Búsqueda del bosón de Higgs del Modelo Estandar en el canal de desintegración H->WW´->2MUNU en el experimento CMS del LHC • 2010 Pablo Martinez: Desarrollo y aplicación de algoritmos de alineamiento para la optimización de la detección de muones en el experimento CMS del LHC •  2009 Mar Sobrón: Geometría del detector CMS reconstruída con el sistema de alineamiento Link •  2009 Jesús Vizán: Determinación de la sección eficaz de producción del quark top y su masa con el detector CMS en LHC CDF PhD Thesis:  2010 Bárbara Álvarez:Search for the SM Higgs Boson associated with a W boson using matrix element technique at the CDF detector at the Tevatron .  2010 Bruno Casal: Medida de la sección eficaz de producción del quark single top y del elemento V_tb de la matriz CKM en CDF RunII 2007 Enrique Palencia: Measurement of the ttbar production cross section in pp collisions at s=1.96 TeV using Lepton+jets events in CDF 45

  46. Previous budget status • FPA2008-06112-C02-01 IFCA • Received 1000 k€ (with 247 k€ for personnel) • Level of expenditure up to now: 70% 20

  47. Previous budget status • FPA2008-06112-C02-02 UO • Received 280 k€ (with 70 k€ for personnel) • Remaining budget as of today: < 50 k€ to complete the year 21

  48. BACK UP

  49. Conferences in the last 3 years Muon Alignment: Physics:

  50. CMS internal notes May19th, 2011 FPA program 2011 50

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