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ACCENT-Plus Symposium Urbino, I, 17-20 September, 2013

Enhancement of in situ aerosol instrumentation within ACTRIS Urs Baltensperger and the ACTRIS consortium Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland. ACCENT-Plus Symposium Urbino, I, 17-20 September, 2013.

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ACCENT-Plus Symposium Urbino, I, 17-20 September, 2013

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  1. Enhancement of in situ aerosolinstrumentation within ACTRISUrs Baltensperger and the ACTRIS consortiumLaboratory of Atmospheric ChemistryPaul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland ACCENT-Plus Symposium Urbino, I, 17-20 September, 2013

  2. Objectives of ACTRISAerosols, Clouds, and Trace gases Research Infrastructure Network • To provide long-term observational data relevant to climate and air quality research on the regional scale produced with standardized or comparable procedures • to support trans-national access to large infrastructures and access to high-quality information and services for the user communities • To develop new integration tools to fully exploit the use of multiple atmospheric techniques at ground-based stations • To enhance training of new scientists and new users • To promote development of new technologies for atmospheric observation of aerosols, clouds and trace gases through close partnership with EU SMEs

  3. Components and sites of ACTRIS • In situ aerosol • In situ gas phase • Remote sensingaerosol • Remote sensingclouds

  4. Work packages contributing to in situ aersol measurements Two work packages contributing to aerosol in situ measurements: • Networking Activity: In-situ chemical, physical and optical properties of aerosols • Joint Research Activity: Comprehensive gas phase and aerosol chemistry Builds on previous EU projects (CREATE, EUSAAR)

  5. ACTRIS has adopted a wide number of the aerosol variables recommended by GAW Variable: ACTRIS lead: - Multiwavelength optical depth: Calibration service- Mass in two size fractions - Major chemical components in two size fractions: Instrumentation assessment OC/EC, Organic tracers, carbon balance- Scattering and hemispheric backscattering coefficient at various wavelengths: Intercomparison- Absorption coefficient: Intercomparison - Aerosol number concentration: Intercomparison - Cloud condensation nuclei (at various supersaturations): SOP development- Aerosol size distribution Intercomparison- Detailed size fractionated chemical composition - Dependence on relative humidity- Vertical distribution of aerosol properties (LIDAR): Instruments, algorithms,…

  6. Size distribution measurements: Several intercomparisons in the last decade,much progress but still large discrepancies at small diameters Wiedensohler et al., AMT 2012

  7. Atmospheric background conditions can profitably be studied by means of continuous monitoring activities at High Mountain Stations that provide unique opportunities to detect and analyses global change processes also through the observations of SLCF MTC NCO-P Black carbon and Ozone are continuously monitored at the high mountain GAW-WMO Global stations of Monte Cimone (2165 m) Italian Northern Apennines and Nepal Climate Observatory @ Pyramid (5079 m) Southern Himalaya. The Po Valley (Italy) seen from Mt. Cimone GAW station during a polluted summer day in the Summer 2006 Black carbon @ Ozone@ Mt. Cimone Black carbon and ozone are SLCF, short-lived climate forcer: they only stay in the atmosphere for a few days to weeks. The ABC pollution in Himalaya seen from the NCO-P at 5079 m asl in April 2009 Both sites are close to polluted areas characterized by presence of Atmospheric Brown Clouds Ozone@ NCO-P Photos P.Bonasoni

  8. ACTRIS has strong connection to EMEP Example 2012 Campaign:Mineral dust See talk by Wenche Aas 14 EMEP / ACTRIS sites PM10 - Low volume sampling Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) 14 13 12 5 2 11 3 4 10 1 6 9 8 7 EMEP Report 4/2013

  9. EMEP 2012 Campaign:Saharan dust outbreaks, links to models EMEP Report 4/2013

  10. Continuous on-line chemistry measurements with the ACSM Old version: Quadrupol MS New version: ToF MS

  11. Stations of the ACSM network Many additional stations besides the original 6 stations great mobilization of additional resources

  12. Finokalia, Crete Long-term measurements of optical properties ACSM measurements summer 2012

  13. 1 year ACSM at Cabauw, Netherlands Comparison ACSM and ToF-AMS  Good correlation, SO4 factor 2 lower

  14. Average chemical composition at different sites Birkenes

  15. Average chemical composition at different sites (2) Paris

  16. One-year data set of the ToF-ACSM from the Jungfraujoch Fröhlich et al., in prep.

  17. First source apportionment with positive matrix factorization Using a standardized PMF tool developed at PSI (Canonaco et al., AMTD 2013) Fröhlich et al., in prep.

  18. Provision of ground based aerosol in situ data within ACTRIS Yearly reporting deadline 2012 data: 31. July 2013, following EMEP deadlines 24 sites from 15 European countries have reported QA aerosol in situ data since start of ACTRIS See also Posters by Ann Mari Fjaeraa All data are available from http://ebas.nilu.no

  19. Trend analysis: a crown jewel of data usage Collaud Coen et al., ACP 2013 Asmi et al., ACP 2013  While only a few sites were available with a least a 10-year data record here, many more sites are expected to be involved in the next analysis, thanks to ACTRIS (and other initiatives within the Global Atmosphere Watch Program)

  20. The ACTRIS Roadmap 2011-2020

  21. Conclusions • ACTRIS has continued/enhanced the success of previous EU FP programes like CREATE, EUSAAR, EARLINET • ACTRIS has a central role on data harmonization not only in Europe but globally • ACTRIS has pushed forward a number of innovative instrumental developments from which the whole world profits • ACTRIS does not only create a data repository, but is also actively involved in dissemination / usage of the data • It is important to get ACTRIS on the European Research Infrastructure map

  22. Thank you very much for your attention !

  23. Spatial variability of aerosols  Concentrations and trends of aerosol much more variable than e.g. of CO2 Mixing ratio (ppm)

  24. Components and sites of ACTRIS In situ aerosol In situ gas phase Remote sensing aerosol Remote sensing clouds

  25. Data availability of ACSM network

  26. Long-term measurements of chemical composition with the TOF-ACSM  Clearly better than the Q-ACSM Fröhlich et al., AMTD 2013

  27. Saharan dust - NAOi • NAO affects frequency of Saharan dust intrusions over Iberian Peninsula • Correlation improves with proximity to Atlantic Ocean • If NAO extremely positive or negative, effects felt across the Peninsula 2002-2010 Cusack, M et al. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 12, 8341-8357, 2012

  28. Trends of aerosol components:Montseny 2002-2010 Gradual replacement of fuel-oil with natural gas for power generation Meteorology + pollution abatement strategies Sharp reduction since 2008: economic recession + meteo Cusack, M et al. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 12, 8341-8357, 2012

  29. EMEP 2012 Campaign:Mineral dust 14 EMEP / ACTRIS sites Low volume sampling Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) (µg/m3) Mineral load: obtained by the addition of the SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 concentrations, and the dust contribution of Na2O, K2O, CaO and MgO after the subtraction of their marine contribution from the bulk concentrations EMEP Report 4/2013

  30. Distribution of sites +Armenia

  31. Total observed organic carbon (TOOC)-concept Corinne Hörger, Stefan Reimann • Part of ACTRIS WP 2.2 • WANTED: • Data from different stations (same time period) • Gaseous substances (VOC, OVOC, monoterpenes) • Particulate organic substances

  32. Data from Hohenpeissenberg Data from DWD HPB and Empa Corinne Hörger, Stefan Reimann

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