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Part I: Emergence of Intelligence

Part I: Emergence of Intelligence. Note for MCB 419 STUDENTS FOR SPRING 2013: some resources on this web site are password-protected User Name: mcb419 Password: behavior. Stellar nucleosynthesis begins ~ 13 BYA. Origin of universe: ~ 14 BYA. Emergent phenomena.

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Part I: Emergence of Intelligence

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  1. Part I: Emergence of Intelligence Note for MCB 419 STUDENTS FOR SPRING 2013: some resources on this web site are password-protected User Name: mcb419 Password: behavior

  2. Stellar nucleosynthesis begins ~ 13 BYA Origin of universe: ~ 14 BYA

  3. Emergent phenomena • Small number of fundamental particles (see table at right) • Four fundamental forces (strong, electromagnetic, weak, gravitation) • Everything we observe in the universe is an emergent property of these fundamental interactions

  4. Some prerequisite steps in the emergence of intelligence • Emergence of stable nucleons (protons, neutrons) from quark-quark interactions • Emergence of helium nuclei from nuclear interactions • Emergence of small atoms from nucleon-lepton interactions (binding of proton-electron pairs) first few minutes after Big Bang ~100,000 years after Big Bang

  5. Some prerequisite steps in the emergence of intelligence • Star formation from H2 and He gas clouds due to gravitational interactions • Stellar nucleosynthesis of new elements in stars (C, N, O, Fe, ...) • Supernovae spew new elements into space • Emergence of chemistry from interactions of H, C, O, ... at cooler temperatures; formation of complex molecules • Formation of planets and solar systems ~1-2 billion years after Big Bang

  6. Stellar nucleosynthesis begins ~ 13 BYA Origin of universe: ~ 14 BYA

  7. Formation of our solar system including planet Earth:~ 4.5 BYA

  8. Emergence. Who could have guessed? stars, galaxies, supernovae, planets, stellar nucleosynthesis, organic chemistry, ... + gravitation life, intelligence, ...

  9. ? How does order arise from disorder? “Life” requires highly ordered systems

  10. Protocell (hypothesis) The chemoton (Ganti, 1984). The metabolic subsystem, with intermediates Ai, is an autocatalytic chemical cycle, consuming X as nutrient and producing Y as waste material; pV, is a polymer of n molecules of V', which undergoes template replication; R is a condensation byproduct of this replication, needed to turn T' into T, the membranogenic molecule; the symbol T, represents a bilayer membrane composed of m units made of T molecules. It can be shown that such a system can grow and divide spontaneously.

  11. Protocells (hypothesis)

  12. fossil cyanobacteria living cyanobacteria Life appears on Earth: ~ 3.5–4.0 BYA (Wikipedia) The earliest life appears, possibly at Alkaline vents with the creation of the Last Universal Common Ancestor, possibly derived from self-reproducingRNA molecules.[6][7] The replication of these organisms requires resources like energy, space, and smaller building blocks, which soon become limited, resulting in competition, with natural selection favouring those molecules which are more efficient at replication. DNA molecules then take over as the main replicators and these archaic genomes soon develop inside enclosing membranes which provide a stable physical and chemical environment conducive to their replication: proto-cells. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_evolutionary_history_of_life

  13. Part II: NetLogo (Homework 1)

  14. NetLogo concepts for HW 01 • turtles, patches • turtle properties: xcor, ycor, pen-mode • patch properties: pcolor • user-interface elements • world, buttons, sliders, choosers, speed control • global variables • user functions (written by YOU!) • this week: “startup”, “setup” and “step” • built-in functions (look-up in NetLogo dictionary) • ask, clear-all (ca), create-turtles (crt), if, pen-down (pd), set, to • forward (fd), right (rt) • random, random-float, random-xcor, random-ycor • NetLogo syntax • takes some getting used to • debugging: print, show, type, write

  15. DEMO

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