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A Wireless Internet 101

A Wireless Internet 101. Presented at CommunicAsia 20th June 2001 Immo Hüneke Technical Architect, Wireless Internet. What is the Internet?. The Web and more… Personal Communication (e-mail, instant messaging…) Source of Information Provider of Entertainment Personal Soapbox

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A Wireless Internet 101

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  1. A Wireless Internet 101 Presented at CommunicAsia 20th June 2001 Immo Hüneke Technical Architect, Wireless Internet

  2. What is the Internet? • The Web and more… • Personal Communication(e-mail, instant messaging…) • Source of Information • Provider of Entertainment • Personal Soapbox • Medium for Advertising and Promotions • A Place to do Business • Standards Based • Seamless • Global A Wireless Internet 101

  3. Is the wireless Internet a hoax? • Why WAP didn’t overwhelm the world • Slow to connect (via GSM Circuit-Switched Data – CSD) • Slow to load pages • Limited display capabilities • No sound or colour • Lack of standardisation leading to many unusable sites • Lock-in by operators (“walled gardens”) • Nevertheless, useful services exist • …just as long as you don’t expect them to resemble the wired Web surfing experience! A Wireless Internet 101

  4. Wireless Internet USP • The Unique Selling Propositions of the wireless Internet • Ubiquity • Immediacy • Location sensitivity • Personalisation • One-on-one medium • Mobile device is virtually an extension of the individual • Ideal for highly targeted marketing and mobile commerce • So – how is it going to be done? A Wireless Internet 101

  5. Handset Mobile Network The Internet Wireless Internet Architecture Applications / Services Hand-sets Personal Digital Assist-ants (PDAs) Note-books and Laptops Misc plug-ins WML Browser Java Content Representations HTML/XHTML/ Protocols WAP HTTP TCP/IP Bearer Services GPRS CSD Networks A Wireless Internet 101

  6. Public Wireless Data Networks Packet Radio – BellSouth Mobile Data, RAM Mobile Data ... Paging – many and various Public Mobile Telephone Networks GSM-900, GSM-1800, GSM-1900, GSM-800 CDMA – IS-95 TDMA – IS-41, IS-136 Satellite – GlobalStar, Iridium, ECO… 3G systems – IMT-2000, UMTS, W-CDMA, Wideband IS-95 Emergency Services & Military – Tetra, Spread Spectrum ... Computing Device Networks Wireless LAN – 802.11, HiperLAN, AirPort ... Bluetooth 1.1 and later Hot Sync Cradle Some Unwired Networks A Wireless Internet 101

  7. Data over voice circuits Circuit Switched Data (CSD) High-Speed CSD (HSCSD) IS-135 Data over signalling networks Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) Short Message Service (SMS) Data over packet-switched data networks Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD) i-mode packet datagram General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution (EDGE) 3G Data bearer service – “ALL-IP” Bearer Services A Wireless Internet 101

  8. Application Layer Text messaging OTAP etc. SMTP RMI WAP HTTP Streaming – Packet Video etc. Transport Layer SMS X.25 TCP UDP Link / Network Layers IP Packet Datagram Protocol (PDP) Coming soon: Mobile IP / IPv6 Protocols A Wireless Internet 101

  9. Web and e-mail Plain Text HTML MIME Micro device markup languages HDML cHTML WML Image, audio and multi-media Multimedia SMS extensions WBMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG MP3, Flash RealMedia ... Mobile code – Java .class, .jar ... Non-representational formats SQL XML MDML Content Representations A Wireless Internet 101

  10. Communication e-mail Instant messaging, multimedia messaging Information – including personalised, localised News, sport, weather, transport and travel, “where is the nearest” Entertainment Betting and Gaming, multi-player games, music, characters Shopping Online banking, stock portfolio Taxi booking, ordering pizza, flowers direct, travel / event tickets Extension of the Enterprise into the mobile space Verticals (loads of them) e.g. estate agency Imagination is the limit! Applications / Services A Wireless Internet 101

  11. Types of mobile data device • Laptop PC • Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) • Mobile Phone • Pager • Wearable • Dedicated (e.g. vehicle tracker) A Wireless Internet 101

  12. Challenges • Special challenges that have to be overcome to deliver the wireless USP: • Issues for Consumers • Issues for Corporates • Issues for Service Providers • Issues for Content Providers • Issues for Network Providers • Issues for Regulators (not considered further here) A Wireless Internet 101

  13. Issues for Consumers and Corporates • Cost and usefulness of service • Convenience • Handset usability, battery life • Ease of use • Reliability, coverage • Quality of service • Security! • Convenient billing and payment • Lifestyle A Wireless Internet 101

  14. Issues for Service Providers and Network Operators • Business models • Payment options • Usage metering • How to maximise ARPU • Service levels • Managing service evolution • Disintermediation and re-intermediation: the provider tangle • How can we trust each other A Wireless Internet 101

  15. The need to use tariff models to deter wasteful usage Huge telco profits lead to impoverished users, particularly among the under-25 age group, which leads to political regulation Telcos find it hard to profit from packet transport, so moving to charging for content, services, and mobile commerce Carving out a niche in micro-payment banking services (consumers need banking services, but not necessarily banks) Technology Changes Business Rules A Wireless Internet 101

  16. Key messages Things to bear in mind during the remaining presentations: • Keep it real • Maximise return on investment • Concentrate on end-to-end solutions A Wireless Internet 101

  17. Personal Area Network Access Network Core Network Hosting Centre It’s All About End-to-End Solutions... • Wireline • Static Wireless • Mobile Wireless • In-Home Service Providers Content Providers Terminals

  18. GPRS / mobile Network Access Layer WAP Gateway & mobile portal Communication Information Entertainment Shopping Baseline Applications & Services (Service Layer) Content Events Datausage FinancialTransactions Business Framework (Services Fulfilment Layer) Provisioning, Management, Security... GPRS Mediation Secure financial server GPRS & IP Billing System Intranet Internet Partner Accounting & Settlements Pre-pay SGSN GGSN Business Layer Mobile Applications Framework - Reference Architecture E-mail Messaging Sports Results Gambling Pre-pay Top-up Greeting Cards Phone book Local Events Tickets Mobile ATM A Wireless Internet 101

  19. Access Layer Access Layer Applications & Service Layer Fulfilment & Business Layers A Wireless Internet 101

  20. The Corporates Games, multiplayer games Voice Mail Corporate Services Intranet Access Applications Integration Location- specific services SMS Unified Messaging The Consumers Fax Serviceenquiries Self-provisioning Text to Speech Profiled news, shares e-commerce “Wireless Internet” Access Email Suppliedas if withinthe Operator’s network The Personalised Portal A Wireless Internet 101

  21. Applications and Service Layer Access Layer Applications & Service Layer Fulfilment & Business Layers A Wireless Internet 101

  22. GSM provides PPP over CSD – pick your own ISP! Packet Datagram Protocol (PDP) on air-side IP protocols, SMS and X.25 “tunnel” through GPRS backbone network (which is itself IP based) WAP is an application-level protocol like HTTP: it can be used over GSM data calls, GPRS, UMTS… But other protocols may be more appropriate, particularly at higher bit rates (GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, wCDMA) – BlueKite, i-mode... Ubiquitous availability of SMS and USSD may make these more attractive than WAP (WAP layered on these protocols is defined but not implemented) WAP, GPRS and alternatives A Wireless Internet 101

  23. Requirements for Application Development & Deployment “An extensible, unified, implementation infrastructure for Wireless Internet application development and deployment” Goals: • Support Rapid Application Development • Prototype, trial, deploy, customise • Content must be easy to publish • Tailored for the wireless environment • Extensible content format though XML • Delivery channel independence • Easy to add new target devices such as iMode and Interactive TV • Applications should be able to exploit device capabilities • Scalable, Portable, Managed A Wireless Internet 101

  24. Application Overview application GET/POST request Response (XML data) Web interface (HTTP) network Technology Adapter (TA) Technology-specific interface A Wireless Internet 101

  25. Technology Adapter (TA) • Handles interactions with mobile devices • Acts as a HTTP User Agent (UA) • Generates requests to applications • Converts XML responses into technology-specific formats • Manages sessions and mobile identity A Wireless Internet 101

  26. Micro-device Markup Language (MDML) • Defines XML formats for mobile content • Contains XML elements for • Text, lists, menus, forms • Keypad support • Graphics and sound • Billing, advertising and transactions • Embedded XML – WML, XHTML... • Designed to provide content only, must be re-formatted or transcoded before presentation to user. A Wireless Internet 101

  27. SMS WAP Web Server Simple m-World Application A Wireless Internet 101

  28. Application Server SMS WAP m-World Application with Dynamic Content A Wireless Internet 101

  29. Application Server SMS WAP HTML USSD More Channels A Wireless Internet 101

  30. Billing Access Mgr. m-Commerce Application Server Application Server SMS WAP HTML USSD Web Server Multi-Services – fully managed personalised portal m-World™ Portal A Wireless Internet 101

  31. Applications Framework – Architecture Overview Portal Input m-Commerce Application Adapter Server MicroWeb m-World™ API Web Output JSP Device Context Server Adapter Billing Access Mgr. XML ApplicationContext Location Context Adaption Services Application A Wireless Internet 101

  32. Input Adapter Output Device Context Adapter Application Context Location Context Adaption Adaption Layer • Made up of several Technology Adapters • A Technology Adapter is deployed for each class of target device (SMS, WAP, HTML) to be used A Wireless Internet 101

  33. Input Adapter Output Device Context Adapter Application Context Location Context Adaption Technology Adapters • Manages context for individual device • Converts input into a micro-web request using: • Input data • Device context • Application context • Adds user and location context to each request • Translates responses into device specific format using: • Response data • Device context • Application context A Wireless Internet 101

  34. Billing Subscription MicroWeb Services Adapter Routing Register Service Service Layer • Controls access to MicroWeb applications • Handles user subscriptions and billing • Splits-up and routes responses according to: • Technology Adaptor capabilities • Content attributes • User-specified rules A Wireless Internet 101

  35. Billing Subscription MicroWeb Services Adapter Routing Register Service Service Layer • An open interface allowing integration of your services • Manages register of: • Adaptor capabilities • Currently accessible adapters for each user • Provides services to all applications • m-Commerce • Personalisation • Content Routing • Access Management A Wireless Internet 101

  36. Application Layer Any combination of • Static XML Content • Dynamic Content • JSP • Database access • Custom Applications • Use MicroWeb API and HTTP • More Complex Interactions Application Server MicroWeb API Web JSP Server XML Application A Wireless Internet 101

  37. Applications Framework– Business Drivers • Modular and Extensible • Reduce deployment risk • We develop the channel side technology allowing you to concentrate on applications and service development • Protect Investment • Services deployed using existing technologies will instantly be available via new channels as we develop new Technology Adapters A Wireless Internet 101

  38. Business Drivers (continued) • Reduce technology dependence • No longer: “We’ll deploy a WAP and SMS lottery service” • But: “Let’s have a lottery service. We have WAP and SMS channels.” • Contemporary development architecture • Access to the large ‘Internet Developer’ skills base • Minimises development and testing schedules • Network Differentiation • Services Layer allows you to deploy distinctive services that benefit application providers A Wireless Internet 101

  39. Applications Framework– Summary • Delivers the same XML content to a range of mobile devices • Facilitates rapid service evolution and deployment • Allows you to concentrate on the service, not on the mobile device specifics • Provides support for new target devices with off-the-shelf components

  40. Fulfilment and Business Layers Access Layer Applications & Service Layer Fulfilment & Business Layers A Wireless Internet 101

  41. Access Events Fulfilment Secure m-Commerce Server Encryption PIN Link to back-end systems “Off Network” Application Server “On Network” IP Billing system Real-time Credit Check On the Phone Bill Real-time Credit Check Bank Account Credit/Debit Card “Off Network” Banking /Visa Networks Positive Confirmation SMS / E-mail Event CDR Apportionment GPRS/IP Billing System Accounting & Settlement Mobile Applications– Financial Transactions Model Apps Stocks Content Taxi Tickets Tickets Bills Pre-Pay A Wireless Internet 101

  42. Interconnect payment Traffic payment Wholesale Fee Network Operator Purchases - On phone bill - Banking System Another Operator Advertiser Financial Transaction Advertising Expenditure Handling Fee Content payment Content payment Information - “Free”: drive txn - Chargeable What is your Business Model? Is it communications, content or commerce? Data Services Revenue Flows A Wireless Internet 101

  43. “Pipe” Usage Purchase Content GPRS Billing - Screen Shot from Infranet (Portal Billing) All on one bill in real-time A Wireless Internet 101

  44. The Case for E-commerce Transactions GPRS Services 61.12 GPRS Usage 0.17 Total 61.29 A Wireless Internet 101

  45. Voice Stream Data Stream GSM WAP Gateway m-World Portal GSM Operator’s IP Backbone GPRS GPRS Usage Voice Mediation Financial Transactions Content Events CDRs Smart Mediator m-Commerce Server Event CDR Collection Voice Billing Journal Transactions, Accounting & Settlement Portal Infra-net (Realtime Billing) Aethos(Pre-Pay) Unified Bill View billing data in real time Service providers Consumers Mobile Applications Framework - ExampleImplementation Business Directory 3rd-Party Apps Mobile Banking Dining Out Mobile Travel Cinema Tickets Shares & News Operat-or Apps A Wireless Internet 101

  46. Conclusions • The Wireless Internet is here today. • More than just WAP – i-mode, USSD and SMS are viable now • Information targeted specifically at the needs of wireless users will succeed. • Think about architecture: go for an end-to-end solution. • Think about service development: address the needs of today’s users. • Formulate a revenue strategy: put systems in place to implement it. A Wireless Internet 101

  47. Thank You! Logica Stephenson House 75 Hampstead Road London NW1 2PL United Kingdom direct +44 20 7446 1653 fax +44 20 7446 1832mobile +44 7941 072 238 email HunekeI@logica.comwww.logica.com/telecoms Immo Hüneke Technical Architect Wireless Internet logica A Wireless Internet 101

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