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Ratings System History

Ratings System History. CENSORED. Ratings System History. CENSORED. Jack Valenti (1921-2007). President of MPAA Created MPAA film ratings system. 1968. Purposes for creating Ratings System. An information service for the parents.

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Ratings System History

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  1. Ratings System History CENSORED

  2. Ratings System History CENSORED

  3. Jack Valenti (1921-2007) • President of MPAA • Created MPAA film ratings system.1968

  4. Purposes for creating Ratings System • An information service for the parents. • It could be a guarantee that morally wholesome adult films would be produced for the public. • forestall undesirable action by the states

  5. Early ratings system: • G = General Audiences • M = Mature Audiences GP = General Patronage PG = Parental Guidance • R = Restricted (under 16 need parent; in 1970 changed under 17 need parent) • X = unrated/not approved through MPAA (not originally synonymous with adult content as it is today)

  6. New ratings created: • PG-13 (created in 1984 – reaction to Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom, Gremlins) • First film with a PG-13 rating was John Milius’s Red Dawn (1984) • NC-17 (No Children Admitted under 17- created in 1990 – first applied to Henry and June)

  7. Ratings System Criticism: • It tries to be objective and quantitative, but subjectivity always comes in naturally • “There are no guidelines…It’s all about how the thing feels.” • For the first couple decades, the reasons behind a particular rating were not provided to public • Escalation syndrome (if it’s ok in one film, the next film matches and tries to push the envelope further) • Some say appeals are too easy • “It’s censorship!!!”

  8. More Ratings System Criticism: • The Chairman of Board sets tone and political mentality of the group • Until recently, many people complained that exhibitors were not enforcing the ratings • MPAA are “slaves” to the studio system because the studio system supplies money for MPAA . • As a result, MPAA is harsher on Independent films. • Treats some filmmakers differently. (i.e Steven Spielberg) Saving Private Ryan (1998)

  9. More Ratings System Criticism: • Effects film box-office earnings • R and NC-17 restrict a film’s audience • Young kids • Some theatres won’t play R and NC-17 • Adults don’t like to see G and PG unless it’s targeted towards children.

  10. Support for current ratings • Superior to the Hays Code because it shows more respect to the artists responsible for the films. • Less censorship than Hays code • Self imposed / voluntary • Prevents government regulation

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