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Understanding XML and DOM: Nodes, Elements, and Structure

This guide provides an overview of the Document Object Model (DOM) and eXtensible Markup Language (XML). It explains the fundamental concepts of XML syntax including nodes, elements, attributes, and text nodes. By illustrating the hierarchy and relationships between parent, child, and sibling nodes, as well as providing code examples, readers will gain a solid understanding of XML document structure. The guide also includes assignments to help reinforce learning and application of XML and DOM principles.

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Understanding XML and DOM: Nodes, Elements, and Structure

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  1. Document Object Model & eXtensible Markup Language DOM & XML Reference : http://www.w3schools.com/Xml/xml_syntax.asp

  2. Document Object Model (DOM) DOM concept: NODE <element></element> An empty node: <element />

  3. XML DOM node relations : Parent Child Sibling parent element node A element node B element node C element node D sibling child

  4. root node element node attribute node #text node XML DOM The NODE object Node types: • Element • Attribute • Text

  5. XML DOM Example <class> <name>2X2</name> <pupil sno="1"> <name>Alan Ang</name> </pupil> <pupil> <name>Brenda Blu</name> </pupil> </class> Element nodes Text node Attribute node

  6. XML DOM Example <class> <name>2X2</name> <pupilsno="1"> <name>Alan Ang</name> </pupil> <pupil> <name>Brenda Blu</name> </pupil> </class> Element nodes Text node Attribute node

  7. XML DOM Example <class> <name>2X2</name> <pupil sno="1"> <name>Alan Ang</name> </pupil> <pupil> <name>Brenda Blu</name> </pupil> </class> Element nodes Text node Attribute node

  8. XML DOM <class> <name>2X2</name> <pupil sno="1"> <name>Alan Ang</name> </pupil> <pupil> <name>Brenda Blu</name> </pupil> </class> Example Element nodes Text node Attribute node

  9. #text “Alan Ang” attributesno= “1” element “pupil” element “name” Node diagram <pupil sno=“1”> <name>Alan Ang</name> </pupil>

  10. XML DOM Assignment 1 (2pts) Write the XML source code for the follow node diagram. Element node Attribute node Text node

  11. XML DOM Assignment 2 (2 pts) Draw the node diagram to illustrate the relationship between all the nodes. Distinguish between element/attribute/text nodes. <class> <name>2X2</name> <pupil sno=“1”> <name>Alan Ang</name> </pupil> <pupil> <name>Betty Blu</name> </pupil> </class>

  12. XML Parts of an XML document • Prolog • Root Element • XML declaration • DTD declaration • Stylesheet declaration • Elements (Nested Elements)

  13. XML Parts of an XML document • Prolog <?xml version="1" ?> <?xml-stylesheet href ="xd.xsl" ?> <!DOCTYPE classes SYSTEM cls.dtd>

  14. XML Parts of an XML document • Elements • Nested child elements • Element Attribute • Data <books> <book id="1" > <author>King James</author> <title>Holy Holly</title> </book> </root>

  15. http://www.youtube.com/v/pKKTjSeiCMw?fs=1&amp;hl=en_US

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