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This guide explains the use of hyphens and dashes in English grammar. A hyphen connects distinct words to form a single word with a specific meaning, such as "year-end" or "water-skiing." It is important to note that words with prefixes and suffixes should not be hyphenated. In contrast, a dash (represented by two consecutive hyphens) is used to set apart parenthetical comments for additional information that is not crucial to the main sentence. Examples include sentences like "Two of my friends–Nick and Jordan–got summer jobs."
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Punctuation, pt. 2 Hyphens and Dashes
Hyphen • A hyphen is a single short line. • Use a hyphen to connect two (or more) distinct words to form a single word with a distinct meaning.
Hyphens • At the year-end sale • The ACT consist of multiple-choice questions • Antonio broke his leg water-skiing accident • (what do we notice about what comes after words that need hyphenating?) • Do not hyphenate: words that have prefixes and suffixes.
Dash • A dash is two consecutive hyphens ( --). • Use a dash to set apart parenthetical comments. • Remember parenthetical means not important; not needed in the sentence • Two of my friends– Nick and Jordan– got summer jobs. • I had a long wait for the doctor– the office was crowded.