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Inquiry-based Chemistry Experiments

Engage in inquiry-based chemistry experiments to identify four unlabelled white solids—three are known to be sodium sulfate, citric acid, and sodium hydrogencarbonate, while one remains unknown (either ammonium chloride or potassium chloride). Using a variety of reagents such as dilute and concentrated HCl, dilute NaOH, lime water, AgNO3, and KMnO4, students will perform tests to determine the identity of these compounds. This hands-on experience cultivates critical thinking and practical lab skills through exploration and analysis of chemical properties.

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Inquiry-based Chemistry Experiments

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  1. Inquiry-based Chemistry Experiments

  2. To identify 4 unlabelled white solids : 3 of them are known to be sodium sulphate , citric acid , & sodium hydrogencarbonate. 1 unknown (ammonium chloride or potassium chloride) Given : dil. & conc. HCl, dil. NaOH, lime water, AgNO3(aq) , KMnO4 / H+(aq), Mg ribbon , Pt wire , Bunser burner & common apparatus * Special items will be provided upon request

  3. Example 1 5 unlabelled compounds (3 white solids and 2 colourless solutions) known to be : NaCl , Na2CO3 , citric acid, HNO3 , H2SO4 Task : To identify the compounds Given : Cu metal

  4. 3 white solids & 2 colourless solutions : NaCl , Na2CO3 , citric acid, HNO3 , H2SO4 (Given : Cu metal) Add Cu Brown Gas & blue solution No Gas H2SO4 HNO3

  5. NaCl , Na2CO3 , citric acid  Add HNO3 or H2SO4 Gas No Gas Na2CO3 NaCl or citric acid Add Na2CO3 Gas No Gas Citric acid NaCl

  6. Example 2 4 colourless liquids are known to be : a liquid alkane ; ethanol a liquid alkene ; ethanoic acid Task : To identify the 4 unlabelled compounds Given : solid Na2CO3 , acidified KMnO4 solution

  7. liquid alkane , liquid alkene, ethanol, ethanoic acid Given : solid Na2CO3 , KMnO4 / H+ solution Add Na2CO3 Gas No Gas ethanol , alkane , alkene ethanoic acid Add KMnO4 / H+ No decolourization Decolourize alkene ethanol, alkane

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