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Forest Tenure Reform in Brazil: A 27-Year Journey Towards Sustainable Resource Governance

This paper provides an overview of the historical and recent developments in forest tenure reform in Brazil, emphasizing landmark events and the evolution of policies aimed at balancing environmental conservation with the rights of indigenous and traditional populations. It discusses the political, social, and environmental challenges faced over the years, including deforestation trends and legislative changes, as well as the creation of various reserves and new agencies dedicated to sustainable management. The insights gained from this extensive reform process can inform future leadership and governance of natural resources.

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Forest Tenure Reform in Brazil: A 27-Year Journey Towards Sustainable Resource Governance

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  1. Forest Tenure Reform in Brazil Global Issues in Governing Natural Resources Next Generation Leadership of Public Forest Agencies June 4th – 8th, 2012 Whistler, British Columbia, Canada

  2. Recent History • Forest Tenure Reform: 27 years process • Landmarks • Democracy-1985 • 1988 Constitution • Human rights + Environment • Death of Chico Mendes - 1988 • Rio 1992 andinternationalcontext • Perceptionbypublic, media andgovernmentoftheneedto stop deforestationandprotectnativeBrazilianandtraditionalpopulationrights

  3. Initial Changes • Increase in theareaalocatedtonativeBraziliansandtraditionalpopulations • New approaches to conservation areas and settlements to allow for sustainable use • Extractive Reserves • Sustainable Development Reserves • Extractive Settlemente • Sustainable Settlements • Quilombola Lands • Creation of a single environmental agency

  4. IndigenousBrazilianLands Area (1,000 sq km)

  5. Federal protected areas in the Amazon

  6. “Public florests must remain public and forests” • Deforestationincrease in 2003 • Integratedpolicy approach tocontroldeforestation (2004) • 14 ministries working together • The positive agenda • Creation of Brazilian Forest Service (2006) • Public forests are defined • Concession of public forests (2008) • CommunityForestry • NationalPlanandPolicyonClimateChange

  7. National Program For Community Forestry • First concept presented at Acre in 2007 • First plan launched in 2009 • Strong civil society participation • Coordinated by Forestry Service and Ministry of Agrarian Reform • Other agencies are members of the council

  8. National Program For Community Forestry

  9. Deforestation rates in theAmazon

  10. Deforestationinsideandoutsideprotectedareas inside outside proportion Percentageofdeforestedarea - 2003 Source:Ferreira etal, 2005

  11. Present situation • Slowprogressand a coupleofsetbacks • Political forces groupedaroundtraditionalviewonthe use of natural resources • geographicalareawhereagricultureismaineconomicactivity • agribusiness productionchain • Conservatives • Changes in the Forest Code • Changes to Conservation Areas > Increase in deforestation?

  12. Luiz Carlos Joels lcjoels@yahoo.com skype: lcjoels

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