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Developing a Modernized Grid Platform for Storage Applications

Developing a Modernized Grid Platform for Storage Applications. MA DPU March 12, 2013 Judith Judson McQueeney , Chair ESA Advocacy Council Director, Emerging Technologies, Customized Energy Solutions. Sampling of Energy Storage Projects in the U.S. SustainX 1 MW / 4 MWh

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Developing a Modernized Grid Platform for Storage Applications

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  1. Developing a Modernized Grid Platform for Storage Applications MA DPU March 12, 2013 Judith Judson McQueeney, Chair ESA Advocacy Council Director, Emerging Technologies, Customized Energy Solutions

  2. Sampling of Energy Storage Projects in the U.S. SustainX 1 MW / 4 MWh Isothermal CAES MA / NH NYSEG 145 MW Adv. CAES Watkins Glen, NY (EPRI) DTE 500 kW / 250 kWh Li-ion MI (A123) NYISO 20 MW Flywheel Stephenstown, NY (Beacon) NGRID 500 kW / 3 MWh ZnBr Everett, MA (Premium Power) NGRID 500 kW / 3 MWh ZnBr Syracuse, NY (Premium Power) SMUD 500 kW / 3 MWhZnBr (Premium Power); 50 kW / 100 kWh NaNiCl2 (FIAMM) Sacramento, CA Xcel 1 MW NAS Luverne, MN (NGK) Xcel Energy 1.5 MW / 1 MW Denver, CO (Xtreme Power); 25 kW /50 kWh NaNiCl2 (FIAMM) ~6 MW / ~40 MWh multiple projects PG&E NaS CA (NGK) AEP 2 MW Li-ion for CES OH (International Battery, S&C) DTE 500 kW / 250 kWh Li Ion MA (A123) SMUD 5 kW / 9 kWh Li-ion (Saft) 75 kW / 150 kWh Li-ion Pomona, CA (Greensmith) 25 kWh Li-ion Berkeley, CA (Seeo) ConEd 25kW Li-ion Queens, NY (Greensmith) KCP&L 1 MW / 1 MWh Li-ion Kansas City, MO (Dow Kokam, Siemens) 25 MW Zn-Air Flow Battery Modesto, CA (Primus) AEP 7.2 MW NAS; multiple projects, WV, IN OH) (NGK) Amber Kinetics Flywheel Fremont, CA (LLNL) PJM 3MW Adv Lead Acid Lyon Station, PA (East Penn, Ecoult) 2 MW / 500 kWh Li-ion Huntington Beach, CA (A123Systems) PG&E 300 MW Adv. CAES Kern County, CA (EPRI) Carnegie Melon Na Ion Pittsburgh, PA (Aquila) 250 kW / 1 MWh Iron / Chrome flow battery Modesto, CA (Ktech Corp ) SCE 8 MW / 32 MWh Li-ion Tehachapi, CA (A123) Duke 250 kW / 800 kWh Li-ion; Marshall, NC (Kokam) 50 kW / 82 kWh Li-ion San Diego, CA (Greensmith) AES 32 MW / 8 MWh Li-ion Elkins, WV (A123Systems) EPRI 175 kW Li-ion; multiple projects Knoxville, TN (Greensmith, Intl Battery, NEC, Beckett, Boston Power) 500 kW &250 kW PNM Adv, Lead Acid Albuquerque, NM (East Penn) Duke 36 MW adv. lead acid Notrees, TX (Xtreme Power) EPRI/Southern Co 60 kW / 240 kWh Li-ion; multiple projects throughout, GA (Greensmith) Vanadium ReDox (Prudent Energy) AEP/MAE 4 MW / 32 MWh NAS Presidio, TX (NGK) Over 155 MW of new Advanced Storage Projects on the Grid since 2010 1000s MW+ of projects proposed or under development

  3. Storage Applications Improved efficiency, lower electricity costs FERC Order 755 Storage provides 2 – 4 x more Regulation/MW End-users Reduce Demand Charges Optimize Retail Rates Power Quality/Uninterruptible Power Supply Integrate onsite renewable generation Independent power producers Capacity Energy Arbitrage Ancillary Services – Regulation, Ramping Renewables firming - increase revenues Utilities – Transmission & Distribution Upgrade deferral – reduce circuit/line overload Grid resiliency – Outage mitigation, back-up Voltage support/power quality Integrate intermittent renewable resources Congestion relief

  4. Integrating Renewables Conventional Grid Smarter Solution: Storage + + • Manage renewable variation by fossil generators varying output • Decreases efficiency • Increases fuel consumption • Requires more maintenance • Increases emissions • Store energy when supply exceeds load; inject energy when load exceeds supply • High round trip efficiency • Low operating cost • Near instantaneous response • Zero direct emissions A study by Carnegie Mellon estimated that 20% of the CO2 emission reduction and up 100% of the NOX emission reduction expected from introducing wind and solar power will be lost because of the extra ramping requirements they impose on traditional generation. * Katzenstein, W., and Jay Apt. Air Emissions Due To Wind And Solar Power. Environmental Science & Technology. 2009, 43, 253-258.

  5. Policy Recommendations • Time-of-Use rates to enable end use customers to use storage to lower their electricity costs • Encourage utility consideration of storage in transmission and distribution planning • Cost-recovery rules for utility investment in storage for T&D • Energy settlement rules for storage projects connected at distribution • Allowance of contracts with third-party storage providers to provide T&D services (enables multi-uses for storage asset) • Encourage ISO-NE to open its markets to new storage technologies (only ISO not open)

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