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Understanding Electrical Power and Energy Usage in Circuits

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Learn how power is calculated in electrical circuits and determine energy consumption using relevant equations and examples.

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Understanding Electrical Power and Energy Usage in Circuits

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  1. Chapter 6.3 Notes Electrical Power

  2. Voltage causes charges to move in circuits. • This movement creates work. • How fast the charge does work is called Power.

  3. Power = Current x Voltage • Pwr = I x V

  4. A circuit has a power supply for a laser that has a current of 15 amps when the voltage is 110 volts. What is the power? • Pwr = I x V • Pwr = 15 amps x 110 volts • Pwr = 1650 A·V or Watt

  5. When a circuit resists changes in the charge flow there are 3 equations that are used: • Pwr = I x V • Pwr = I2R • Pwr = V2/R

  6. A Current of 2.2 A has a Resistance of 5. What is the power? • We have current (I) and Resistance (R), which equation? • Pwr = I2R • Pwr = 2.22 x 5 • Pwr = 24.2 Watts

  7. A current of 2.2 A has a Voltage of 110 V, what is the power? • We have current (I) and Voltage (V), which equation? • Pwr = I x V • Pwr = 2.2 x 110 • Pwr = 242 Watts

  8. A Voltage of 110 V, has a resistance of 5. What is the power? • We have voltage (V) and Resistance (R), what equation? • Pwr = V2/R • Pwr = 1102/5 • Pwr = 2420 watts

  9. Power companies sell energy and not Power. • When you use an electrical device you pay the energy used by the device.

  10. Equation for energy and power: Energy = Power x change in time • E = Pwr x ∆t

  11. If our current is 1.5 Amps for a TV and we use a 120 V outlet to run the TV for 8 hours, how much energy will we use? • E = pwr x t • Pwr = equation? Voltage or Current • Pwr = I x V = 1.5 x 120 = 180 Watts • Convert 8 hours to seconds • E = 180 watts x 28,800 secs • E = 5,184,000 watts

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