Period 2

1. Period 2 Classical Period

2. Bellringer • Pull out your notebook and get ready to go over chart • What is the purpose of religion?Consider spiritual and practical purposes • Write on the front of objective 11

3. REMINDER!! • Comparative Essays are DUE NEXT CLASS!

4. Agenda • Reviewing homework • Concept Mastery chart • Activity

5. Objectives • Obj. 11: Describe the major beliefs of Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Daoism and Christianity

6. Classical Religion

7. Concept Mastery Charts • Concept • Larger concept. Place concept into a larger category • Key words • Use key words to identify characteristics: Always present, sometimes, & never • Examples and Non examples • Write down a definition

8. Bellringer • Turn in comparison essay • Pull out worksheet from last class

9. Agenda • Peer Evaluation • Finish activity from last class • Notes

10. Objective 11 Judaism • Monotheistic • Yahweh (Yhwh) • Abraham considered “father” of the Jews • Hebrews are the chosen people of God & Canaan is the chosen land • Messiah will create God’s kingdom on Earth Abraham and Issac by Rembrandt

11. Objective 11 Basic Beliefs of Judaism • Death is not the end of human existence • Focus on life instead of afterlife • Believe dead will be physically resurrected • One is saved through commitment to being moral to God. • 10 commandments Moses by Rembrandt

12. Objective 13 Social Impact of Judaism • Short lived kingdom in the Middle East • Jewish Diaspora • Heavy emphasis on tradition & culture • Language, diet, holidays, etc. • Patriarchal community Israel as a united monarchy lasted from 1050-930 BCE. Eventually it was divided into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom of Israel would last until 720 BCE. The southern kingdom of Judah would last until 586. The fall of the two kingdoms led to Jewish Diaspora.

13. Objective 12+13 The Diaspora

14. Objective 11 Confucianism • Started by Confucius (551-479 BCE) during the Warring States Period in China • Offers solutions to the problems plaguing China • Focus on life rather than the afterlife • Does not advocate a specific deity • Emphasizes worship of ancestors Drawing of Confucius

15. Objective 11 Basic Beliefs of Confucianism • Emphasizes li • the “rituals” of everyday life • Goal is to promote harmony on Earth through relationships • Five Relationships • Filial Piety • Education Dacheng Temple in Confucius’ hometown of Qufu in China.

16. Objective 13 Social Impact of Confucianism • Becomes foundation of Chinese government • Reinforced importance of patriarchal relationships • Reinforced family as the center of Chinese society • Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Singapore are influenced by Confucian ethic Family altar in Malaysian Chinese home. Family is inviting ancestors to partake in the Hungary Ghost festival

17. Objective 11 Daoism (Taoism) • Founded by Laozi (6th cent. BCE?) during the Warring States Period • Everything revolves around the Dao • Goal: Create societal harmony by living according to the natural laws of the universe • Wu Wei “without action”

18. Objective 13 Impact of Daoism • Encourages respect for nature • Heavily influenced Chinese art and literature • Landscape paintings • Yoga and meditation • Hygiene and cleanliness • Medicine Balance between Yin (feminine, dark) and Yang (masculine, light)

19. Objective 11 Hinduism • Began in India c.1500 BCE • One god in many different forms • Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva • Krishna • Sacred Texts • Vedas, Bhagavad Gita, Upanishads Shiva, the Destroyer

20. Objective 11 Basic Beliefs of Hinduism • Atman • Major Ideas • Dharma (duty) • Karma (action) • Samsara (cycle of life) • Moksha (liberation) • Yogas • Paths or practices • Several different types Kali, goddess of death and destruction

21. Objective 13 Social Impact of Hinduism

22. Objective 13 Modern Untouchables Modern India has 160 million untouchables or approximately 15% of India’s population.

23. Objective 11 Buddhism • Founded by Siddhartha Gautama (563-483 BCE) • Born into kshatriya caste • Reform movement of Hinduism • No specific deity? • Rejects the atman • Believes in spiritual equality • No caste system

24. Objective 11 Basic Beliefs of Buddhism • Four Noble Truths • Life is suffering • Desire causes suffering • End suffering by ending desire • To end desire follow the Eightfold Path • Right view, right intention, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration Buddhist Wheel of Life; the eight spokes represent the Eightfold Path

25. Objective 12 Spread of Buddhism

26. Objective 13 Social Impact of Buddhism

27. Bellringer • What are characteristic of classical empires?

28. Agenda • Bellringer • Notes • Project

29. Classical Empire

30. Population Growth

31. Urbanization

32. Afro-Eurasia in 500 BCE

33. Afro-Eurasia in 350 BCE

34. Afro-Eurasia in 200 BCE

35. Afro-Eurasia in 100 CE

36. Objective 19 Persian Empire

37. Objective 19 Persian Empire (558-332 BCE) • Founded by Cyrus the Great • Darius I (521-486 BCE) • Balanced central administration & local governors • Divided government into 3 districts ran by satraps • Built the Royal Road • Fought Persian Wars (500-479 BCE) • Led to the decline of the Persian Empire

38. Objective 19 Persian Empire • Persian Society • Women worked in textile manufacturing • Government used slaves to complete public works projects • Persian Economy • Government coined money • Facilitated trade from Greece to India • Persian Religion • Zoroastrianism

39. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-mkVSasZIM&list=PLBDA2E52FB1EF80C9&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=activehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-mkVSasZIM&list=PLBDA2E52FB1EF80C9&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

40. World in 350 BCE

41. Objective 15 Classical China • Zhou Dynasty (1029-258) • Mandate of Heaven • Feudalism • Decline of Zhou Dynasty • Confucianism • Daoism • Legalism • Warring States Period • Kingdom of Qin began expanding during the 3rd century BCE

42. Objective 15 Qin Dynasty (221-202 BCE) • Used Legalism to restore order • Land reforms weakened aristocracy • Peasants were given land rights to farm remote territories • Centralized bureaucracy • Unified China • Standardized script, laws, and weights & measures

43. Objective 15 Qin Shi Huangdi • Proclaimed himself “First Emperor” of China • Centralized Power • Disarmed local militaries • Built roads & defensive walls • Demanded burning of books • Used forced labor to complete public works projects

44. Objective 15 Terra Cotta Army

45. Objective 15 Terra Cotta Army

46. Objective 16 Early Han Dynasty (202 BCE-9 CE) • Founded by Liu Bang • Longest dynasty in Chinese History • Conquered northern Vietnam, Korea, and Central Asia • Tribute System • Monopolized iron, salt, and liquor

47. Objective 16 Han Wudi (Wu Ti) • Ruled from 141-87 BCE • Supported Legalism • Two Goals • Centralize government • Expand the empire • Reforms • Expanded bureaucracy • Started an imperial university • Confucian examination system • Expanded the Silk Roads

48. Objective 14 Mauryan Dynasty • Founded by Chandragupta Maurya

49. Objective 14 Ashoka (268-232 BCE) • Conquered most of India • Used elephants in warfare • Battle of Kalinga • Reforms • Pillars of Ashoka • Centralized bureaucracy • Expanded agriculture • Built roads to promote trade • Promoted the spread of Buddhism • Empire declined after Ashoka’s death

50. Objective 14 Gupta Dynasty (320-565 CE) • Founded by Chandra Gupta • Used alliances, tribute & conquest • Gupta Government • Coalition of regional kingdoms • Policy & administration left to local rulers • Eventually destroyed by the White Huns