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GMOs AND GMO DERIVATIVES UNDER TRIALS IN CONTAINMENT AND/OR SMALL SCALE FIELD TRIALS IN THAILAND: 1991-2003 1 Banpot N

GMOs AND GMO DERIVATIVES UNDER TRIALS IN CONTAINMENT AND/OR SMALL SCALE FIELD TRIALS IN THAILAND: 1991-2003 1 Banpot Napompeth 2 Chairman, National Biosafety Committee (NBC) National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC)

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GMOs AND GMO DERIVATIVES UNDER TRIALS IN CONTAINMENT AND/OR SMALL SCALE FIELD TRIALS IN THAILAND: 1991-2003 1 Banpot N

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  1. GMOs AND GMO DERIVATIVES UNDER TRIALS IN CONTAINMENT AND/OR SMALL SCALE FIELD TRIALS IN THAILAND: 1991-20031 Banpot Napompeth2 Chairman, National Biosafety Committee (NBC) National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC) National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) Bangkok, Thailand 1 Updated October 2003 2 Advisor, National Biological Control Research Center (NBCR), Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand

  2. APPLICATIONS, ENQUIRIES AND APPROVALS FOR FIELD TRIALS OF GMOs AND GMO DERIVATIVES IN THAILAND (1991-2003) ANIMAL VACCINES: (1) - DEVELOPMENT OF A VACCINE PROTECTIVE AGAINST AVIAN COLISEPTICEMIA IN THAILAND (DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY, FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCE, TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY, TEL AVIV, ISRAEL AND FACULTY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE, CHULALONGKORN UNIVERSITY, BANGKOK, THAILAND) - DATE OF APPLICATION: JUNE 1991 (2534) - STATUS: APPLICATION REJECTED BY NBC TRANSGENIC ANIMALS: (1) - FIELD TEST OF BIOSYNTHETIC GROWTH HORMONE USING RECOMBINANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY TECHNIQUES FOR ORNAMENTAL FISH INDUSTRY AND AQUACULTURE (???) DATE OF APPLICATION: 1993 (2536) STATUS: APPLICATION WITHDRAWN

  3. TRANSGENIC MICROORGANISMS: (4) - LYSINE PRODUCTION BY GENETICALLLY MODIFIED ESCHERONTIA COLI K12 IN LABORATORY SCALE - LYSINE PRODUCTION BY GENETICALLY MODIFIED BREVIBACTERIUM LACTOFERMENTUM IN LABORATORY SCALE [AJINOMOTO CO., (THAILAND) LTD.] DATE OF APPLICATION: NOVEMBER 12, 1998 (2541) STATUS: EXEMPT STATUS GRANTED BY NBC - PRODUCTION OF FEED GRADE L-LYSINE-HCL BY GENETICALLY MODIFIED E. COLI K12 IN COMMERCIAL SCALE [AJINOMOTO CO., (THAILAND) LTD.] DATE OF APPLICATION: DECEMBER 23, 1999 (2542) STATUS: APPROVED BY NBC WITH AN AFFIDAVIT; SEPTEMBER, 2000 (2543) - PRODUCTION OF ACID PHOSPHATASE FROM ESCHERONTIA COLI JM109 FOR NUCLEIC ACID PRODUCTION [AJINOMOTO CO., (THAILAND) LTD.] DATE OF APPLICATION: AUGUST, 2001 (2544) STATUS: APPROVED BY NBC WITH AN AFFIDAVIT; MARCH 14, 2002 ON THE BASIS THAT E. COLI JM109 IS “GRAS” (GENERALLY REGARDED AS SAFE)

  4. APPLICATIONS, ENQUIRIES AND APPROVALS FOR FIELD TRIALS OF TRANSGENIC PLANTS (GM PLANTS) IN THAILAND (1991-2003) [NO REGULATION UNDER THE PLANT QUARANTINE ACT B.E. 2507 (1964)] TRANSGENIC PLANTS: (4) - FIELD EVALUATION OF A NEW HYBRID SYSTEM IN CORN (PLANT GENETICS SYSTEM N.V., GENT, BELGIUM) DATE OF APPLICATION: AUGUST 1992 (2535) STATUS: “APPROVED” BY NBC BUT NO TRIAL CARRIED OUT - PRODUCTION OF VIRUS-RESISTANT SEEDS OF GENETICALLY ENGINEERED CATALOUPE AND SQUASH (ASGROW SEED CO., UPJOHN CO., KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN, USA AND THE UPJOHN CO., PANG KHON, SAKON NAKHON, THAILAND) DATE OF APPLICATION: SEPTEMBER 1992 (2535) STATUS: “APPROVED” BY NBC BUT NO TRIAL CARRIED OUT - FIELD TRIALS OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED TOMATO PLANTS ALTERING RIPENING CHARACTERISTICS TO PRODUCE QUALITY SEEDS FOR FUTURE LARGE SCALE TRIALS, PROBABLY IN THE U.S. (ZENECA SEED, BERKSHIRE, UK) DATE OF ENQUIRY: MARCH 1993 (2536) STATUS: INFORMATION AND GUIDELINES PROVIDED, NO FURTHER RESPONSE - SEED PRODUCTION OF FLAVR SAVR TOMATO IN THAILAND (CALGENE, USA) DATE OF APPLICATION: 1993 (2536) STATUS: “APOROVED” BY NBC; FIELD PRODUCTION TRIAL CARRIED OUT UNDER CLOSE SUPERVISION BY NBC AT PHITSANULOK; COMPLETED

  5. [MINISTERIAL DECREE NO. 2 ISSUED UNDER THE PLANT QUARANTINE ACT 2507 B.E. (1964) PROHIBITING 40 PLANT SPECIES KNOWN TO UNDERGO GE OF MAY 10, 1994, ENFORCED JUNE 7, 1994] [OVERSEAS APPLICATIONS] (16) - SEED PRODUCTION OF FLAVR SAVR TOMATO (pCGN4109, pCGN1436) (THE UPJOHN CO., PANG KHON, SAKON NAKHON) DATE OF APPLICATION: AUGUST 2, 1995 (2538) STATUS: APPROVED; BIOSAFETY TRIAL COMPLETED - FIELD TRIAL OF BT COTTON (CRY 1A BTK) (MONSANTO THAILAND LTD.) DATE OF APPLICATION: OCTOBER 18, 1995 (2538) STATUS: APPROVED UNDER CONTAINMENT; TRIAL COMPLETED - FIELD TRIAL OF BT COTTON UNDER FIELD CONDITION (MONSANTO THAILAND LTD.) DATE OF APPLICATION: JULY 10, 1996 (2539) STATUS: 20 KG SEEDS APPROVED FOR FIELD TRIALS; TRIALS COMPLETED, PENDING DEREGULATION) - FIELD TRIALS OF BT CORN RESISTANT TO ASIATIC CORN BORER (CIBA GEIGY AND PIONEER HI-BRED INTERNATIONAL, USA) (NOVARTIS (THAILAND) LTD.) DATE OF APPLICATION: OCTOBER 8, 1996 (2539) STATUS: APPROVED UNDER CONTAINMENT AT NOVARTIS EXPERIMENT STATION, TAK FA, NAKHON SAWAN; TRIAL IN PROGRESS) - LABORATORY EFFICACY TEST OF DRY, POWERED BT CORN LEAF TISSUE AGAINST ASIATIC CORN STALK BORER (DEKALB GENETICS CORP., USA) DATE OF ENQUIRY/APPLICATION: DECEMBER 1996 - JANUARY 1997 (2539-40) STATUS: APPROVAL RECOMMENDED BY NBC; NO RESPONSE

  6. - FIELD TRIALS OF TRANSGENIC COTTON (NUCOTN 32B, • NUCOTN 33B, BT) • (MONSANTO THAILAND LTD.) • DATE OF APPLICATION: APRIL 22, 1997 (2540) • STATUS: APPROVED IN DOA EXPERIMENT STATIONS AND • FARMERS’ FIELDS; COMPLETED AND SUBJECTED • TO ACCUSATION OF LEAKAGE INTO THE ENVIRONMENT • BY NGOs AND UNDER INVESTIGATION • - EXPERIMENTAL FIELD RELEASE OF FLAVR SAVR TOMATO • (DNA PLANT TECHNOLOGY CORP, USA THROUGH A LOCAL • COMPANY IN THAILAND) • DATE OF APPLICATION: MAY 1997 (2540) • STATUS: REJECTION RECOMMENDED BY NBC ON • TECHNICAL GROUND • - FIELD TRIAL OF BT CORN RESISTANT TO THE (ASIATIC) • CORN STALK BORER • (PIONEER OVERSEAS CORP, (THAILAND), LTD.) • DATE OF APPLICAION: MAY 27, 1997 (2540) • STATUS: APPROVED UNDER CONTAINMENT; IN PROGRESS) • - FIELD TRIAL OF R&R CORN (ROUNDUP RESISTANCE) • (MONSANTO THAILAND LTD.) • DATE OF APPLICATION: FEBRUARY 19, 1998 (2541) • STATUS: APPROVED UNDER CONTAINMENT; IN PROGRESS • - FIELD TRIAL OF BT CORN • (MONSANTO THAILAND LTD.) • DATE OF APPLICATION: MAY 1, 1998 (2541) • STATUS: APPROVED UNDER CONTAINMENT; IN PROGRESS • - FIELD TRIAL OF R&R CORN (ROUNDUP RESISTANCE) • (CARGILL CO., LTD., USA) • DATE OF APPLICATION: AUGUST 24, 1998 (2541) • STATUS: APPROVED UNDER CONTAINMENT; IN PROGRESS

  7. - FIELD TRIALS OF BT CORN FROM THE U.S. (NOVARTIS THAILAND LTD.) DATE OF APPLICATION: AUGUST 24, 1998 (2541) STATUS: APPROVED UNDER CONTAINMENT; IN PROGRESS - FIELD TRIAL OF COMPOSITE BT CORN FROM THE U.S. (NOVARTIS THAILAND, LTD.) DATE OF APPLICATION: AUGUST 24, 1998 (2541) STATUS: APPROVED UNDER ISOLATED SMALL PLOTS; IN PROGRESS - FIELD TRIAL OF R&R CORN (CARGILL CO. LTD.) DATE OF APPLICATION: JANUARY 24, 1999 (2542) STATUS: APPROVED UNDER CONTAINMENT; IN PROGRESS - FIELD TRIAL OF R&R COTTON AND CORN (MONSANTO THAILAND LTD.) DATE OF APPLICATION: JANUARY 24, 1999 (2542) STATUS: APPROVED UNDER CONTAINMENT; IN PROGRESS [PLANT QUARANTINE ACT 2507 B.E. (1964) AMENDED TO BECOME PLANT QUARANTINE ACT AMENDED B.E. 2542 (1999); MAY 18, 1999] - FIELD TRIAL OF BT CORN (MON 810) (MONSANTO THAILAND LTD.) DATE OF APPLICATION: JUNE 10, 1999 (2542) STATUS: APPROVED UNDER ISOLATED SMALL PLOTS PENDING QUARANTINE (5 KG SEED) [MINISTERIAL DECREE NO.3? ISSUED UNDER THE PLANT QUARANTINE ACT B.E. 2507 (1964) AMENDED B.E. 2543 (1999) PROHIBITING 40 PLANT SPECIES KNOWN TO UNDERGO GE OF MARCH 17, 2000, ENFORCED MARCH 29, 2000] (THE SAME PLANT LIST IN MINISTERIAL DECREE NO.2)

  8. BAN ON FIELD TRIALS OF TRANSGENIC PLANTS - ON APRIL 3, 2001 PRESSURE GROUPS (ORGANIZATION OF THE POORS AND AFFILIATED NGOs) FORCED THE CABINET TO “BAN” FIELD TRIALS OF TRANSGENIC PLANTS UNTIL THE “BIOSAFETY LAW” WILL BE ENACTED. [MINISTERIAL DECREE NO.4 ISSUED UNDER PLANT QUARANTINE ACT B.E. 2507 (1964) AMENDED B.E. 2542 (1999) PROHIBITING ADDITIONAL 49 PLANT SPECIES KNOWN TO UNDERGO GE, DRAFTED SINCE 2002, IS YET TO BE ANNOUNCED]

  9. APPLICATIONS AND APPROVALS FOR TRIALS OF GMOs BY LOCAL UNIVERSITIES, INSTITUTES AND AGENCIES IN THAILAND TRANSGENIC PLANTS: (4+) - CALLI OF TRANSGENIC SQUASH (PLANT PATHOLOGY & MICROBIOLOGY DIVISION, DOA) DATE OF APPLICATION: SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 (2539) STATUS: APPROVED UNDER CONTAINMENT; IN PROGRESS - TRANSGENIC PAPAYA RESISTANT TO PAPAYA RING SPOT VIRUS THAI STRAIN (COAT PROTEIN) (PLANT PATHOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY VIVISION, DOA) DATE OF APPLICATION: SEPTEMBER 30, 1996 (2539) STATUS: APPROVED UNDER CONTAINMENT; IN PROGRESS - TRANSGENIC PAPAYA RESISTANT TO PAPAYA RING SPOT VIRUS THAI STRAIN (TISSUES AND SEEDLINGS) (HORTICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, DOA) DATE OF APPLICATION: MAY 15, 1997 (2540) STATUS: APPROVED UNDER CONTAINMENT AT THA PHRA, KHON KAEN; IN PROGRESS - TRANSGENIC RICE SEEDLINGS (KHAO HOM DOK MALI 105) CLONED WITH Xa21 GENE IN THE U.S. RESISTANT TO LEAF BLIGHT (RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE, DOA) DATE OF APPLICATION: AUGUST 11, 1997 (2540) STATUS: APPROVED UNDER CONTAINMENT; IN PROGRESS

  10. EXPERIMENTS ON LOCALLY DEVELOPED TRANSGENIC PLANTS OF UNKNOWN STATUS: (4+++) - DEVELOPMENT OF BT COTTON (DORAS/CIRAD PROJECT, PLANT GENETIC ENGINEERING UNIT, BIOTEC, KASETSART UNIVERSITY AT KAMPHAENG SAEN) - DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSGENIC PAPAYA RESISTANT TO PAPAYA RING SPOT VIRUS (PRSV) (PLANT GENETIC ENGINEERING UNIT, BIOTEC, KASETSRAT UNIVERSITY AT KAMPHAENG SAEN) - DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSGENIC CHILI PEPPER (PLANT GENETIC ENGINEERING UNIT, BIOTEC, KASETSRAT UNIVERSITY AT KAMPHAENG SAEN) - DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSGENIC TOMATO (PLANT GENETIC ENGINEERING UNIT, BIOTEC, KASETSRAT UNIVERSITY AT KAMPHAENG SAEN) - ETC.

  11. AFTER CARTAGENA PROTOCOL ON BIOSAFETY TO THE CBD ENTERS INTO FORCE ON SEPTEMBER 11, 2003: - IMPORTATION OF TRANSGENIC FLUORESCENT ZEBRA FISH (BRACHYDANIO RERIO, CYPRINIDAE) CONTAINING GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN (GFP) ISOLATED FROM JELLYFISH (AEQUOREA VICTORIA) FROM SINGAPORE FOR AN EXHIBITION DURING THE NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY WEEK 2003 AT THE IMPACT CONVENTION CENTER ON THE SUBURB OF BANGKOK FROM SEPTEMBER 24 – OCTOBER 5, 2003 (NATIONAL CENTER FOR GENETIC ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIOTEC), NSTDA, MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY) DATE OF APPLICATION: SEPTEMBER 8, 2003 STATUS: - REJECTED BY NBC ON SEPTEMBER 23, 2003 ON THE GROUND OF NON-COMPLIANCE WITH THE CARTAGENA PROTOCOL ON BIOSAFETY, IMPROPER PREPARATION FOR IMPORT, LACK OF REQUIRED ACCOMPANYING AND SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS WITH REFERENCE TO BEING LMO AND PERMIT FROM DEPARTMENT OF LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT - APPROVED ON A SPECIAL AND EXCEPTIONAL CONDITION BY NBC ON SEPTEMBER 25, 2003 WITH AN AFFIDAVIT TO GUARANTEE BIOSAFETY AND THE FISH CONSIGNMENT BE RETURNED TO THE POINT OF ORIGIN (SINGAPORE) IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE END OF THE EXHIBITION

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