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Investigating Key Elements of the Water Cycle: Clouds and Forests

This investigation explores crucial components of the water cycle, focusing on clouds and forests. It examines how clouds, consisting of water droplets, contribute to precipitation, and how forests influence water retention and microclimates. Through experiments, the study quantifies the water held in clouds over a specific area and compares soil retention capabilities between forested and meadow areas. It emphasizes the role of forests in returning water to the atmosphere and mitigating floods, paving the way for future studies and experiments in hydrology.

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Investigating Key Elements of the Water Cycle: Clouds and Forests

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  1. Water cycle Investigation of specific elements in water cycle Juraj Vančo 93. prístav vodných skautov a skautiek Tortuga Trenčín Sep 2013

  2. Agenda • Cloud as a water cycle element • Question raise • Example • Result • Forest in water cycle • Question raise • Experiment • How to… • Results

  3. Cloud as a water cycle element • Cloud consists of water, not vapor • aerosols particles accumulate molecules of water to create droplets • small drops, up to 10 - 100 micrometers • Movement of particles (air temperature effect) => getting more dense • water air capacity => absolute humidity => rain

  4. Question • How much water is in a cloud over a garden? • Stratocumulus / cumulonimbus

  5. Example • 10mm= 1cm of water • 10 kg = 10 liters / 1 m2 • 11 cans / 1 m2 • Garden: 10m x 10m = 100 m2 • 1000 kg = 1000 liters / garden • 5 barrels / garden

  6. Example- computation • Density of dry air: 0.9 - 1.2 kg/m3 • Density of vapor < density of air • Dalton’s law:

  7. Example- result Stratocumulus: 1500m – 2000m Cumulonimbus: 1000m – 12000m >100kg/m2 >6kg/m2 >150 kg/m2 >37 kg/m2

  8. Forest in water cycle • Knowing more about water= BieleKarpaty educational trail • What does the information panel say? • Forest soil retention capability vs. meadow soil retention capability: (Čabouň, Mindáš, LVÚ ZV) 68% : 46% = 1.5

  9. Question • Microclimate • tree and transpiration • Forest is an umbrella? • How much water evaporates back??

  10. Experiment • Create your own precipitation meter

  11. Result • Data measured during >2 mostly rainy weeks, working days Forest returns > 3x more water back

  12. Result- conclusion • Inspect preception meter once again and make new measurement • If accepted: check for first order pass filter (probable) • For short frequent rains forest’s contribution factor to prevent floods is more than 3 x 1,5 5

  13. Experiment- next plans • Differential pressure sensor for water level

  14. Experiment- next plans • MPXC2011DT1

  15. Experiment- next plans • Powered by ultra low power microcontroller

  16. Q & A • Thanks for watching

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