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Foundations of Independence: African Resistance Between the World Wars

This exploration highlights key events in African resistance during the interwar period, particularly focusing on the Kongo-Wara War, sparked by the prophet Karnu and marked by the mobilization of around 350,000 participants. Despite facing brutal colonial repression, movements like Simon Kimbangu's Christian churches and the Pan-African movement fostered a growing sense of identity and nationalism among Africans. The emergence ofTrade unions, large strikes, and a rise in educated Africans played a pivotal role in challenging colonial injustices, leading to a collective push for independence.

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Foundations of Independence: African Resistance Between the World Wars

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  1. Foundations of Independence: African Resistance Between the World Wars

  2. Kongo-Wara War • Began with a “prophet” named Karnu - Advocated passive resistance to colonial authority • Around 1927 his followers began armed revolt - Approx. 350,000 took part • Revolution grew until 1931 but failed - Brutal Colonial repression - The last rebels hid in caves

  3. Independent Christian Churches • Spread of Christian Churches without European control of doctrine - Why would this contribute to resistance in a general sense? • Specific example is Simon Kimbangu - God freeing the Congolese - Didn't pay taxes - Didn't grow cash crops for gov't

  4. Working Together • Large strikes for better pay and working conditions • Impact in mining and railroad industries • Some early trade-unions • African-run welfare organizations - helped combat local injustices

  5. Pan Africa Movement • Idea of “Africa for the Africans” • Growth of an African nationalism - Shared identity in being African as well as individual tribe • Particular influence with a growing class of educated Africans - Growing awareness of systematic injustice • Negritude movement created pride in being black

  6. Marcus Garvey • Inspirational Pan-African Figure - Spoke about Africa as a kingdom for Africans • Named himself “President of the United States of Africa” • Giant d-bag and piece of scum • Never actually visited Africa

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