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Formulating Effective Arguments: A Step-by-Step Guide

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This guide provides a comprehensive approach to formulating strong arguments. It emphasizes the essential components: making a clear claim, gathering supporting evidence, and anticipating counterarguments. Participants will explore abstract philosophical ideas through concrete examples, while learning to define and refine their positions. The group activity focuses on collaborative brainstorming to turn abstract concepts into tangible arguments. By the end, individuals will synthesize their findings into a well-structured argument, ready for presentation and assessment.

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Formulating Effective Arguments: A Step-by-Step Guide

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Presentation Transcript

  1. How to formulate an argument

  2. Take a position/Develop a position Must haves: -claim --options??? -data/evidence --types??? -counterargument/rebuttal/concession -realization of what your argument excludes

  3. Examine the relationship between… -May be—2 philosophical ideas, concepts, subjects, etc.—All fairly abstract in nature -May be given quotations to give you an idea of what they mean What do I do? • Make them concrete -Define the words if they are difficult or to make them concrete -Define your view of the terms you are arguing -Develop a controlling piece of evidence with which to center your claim

  4. Relationships (continued) 2. Use good but strategic evidence -science, history, pop culture, politics/current events, classic or PHS literature 3. Have a specific, narrowed claim (possibly an enthymeme) -Because of ______, ____________ -Although __________, _________ -When _________, then _________ -If _____________, then _________

  5. Group ActivityGoal—to work with a group to make abstract ideas concrete for an argument 4 Rotations/4 Groups—15 minutes • Go to your assigned group. • As a group, read the prompt. • On your paper, summarize the task. • Discuss the topic given and its implications with your group. • Write down at least 3 things that are relevant and significant as your group discusses • Write down possible evidence you could use When time is called, you will repeat this process for another prompt.

  6. Final Task Please complete the final task on your own paper by yourself and turn in all of this to the basket for a grade!

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