Landfill Closure and Post-Closure Care Cost Estimates

1. Landfill Closure and Post-Closure Care Cost Estimates ADEQ Solid WasteManagement Division

2. Closure and Post-Closure Care Cost Estimation Topics 1) Cost estimate regulatory requirements 2) Defining closure and post-closure care 3) Planning and phasing closure activities 4) Cost estimate reference documents and development 5) Review of 1996 SWMD guidance 6) Draft revised cost estimate spreadsheets Emphasis:Planning for closure and post-closure care and thorough cost estimates.

3. Statutory/Regulatory Requirements - Closure and Post-Closure Care Cost Estimations • A.C.A. 8-6-1603 (Chapter 6 - Disposal of Solid Wastes …, Sub-chapter 16 - Financial Assurance. • Reg. 22, Chapter 14 - Financial Assurance requires closure and post-closure care cost estimates. Topic #1

4. Regulatory Requirements - Closure and Post-Closure Care Cost Estimations • Must be written estimate in current dollars, and third party (labor, materials, supplies, etc..). • Must include 'largest area requiring closure at any time during life of facility when closure of operation would be most expensive'. • Must be detailed in Closure and Post-Closure Care Plans. Topic #1

5. Regulatory Requirements - Closure and Post-Closure Care Cost Estimations (con't) • During planning and permitting, Reg. 22.1301 requires closure and post-closure care plans. • The plans include cost estimates for landfill closure and post-closure care. Decisions must be made for phased closures. • Planning and scoping is required in order to determine specific closure and post-closure care items and quantities. Topic #1

6. What is Closure ? Topic #2 • Landfill closure includes installation of a final cover system, leachate and/or gas collection systems, and groundwater monitoring systems. • Closure includes landfill units. • Landfill unit closure is required when landfill is at capacity or when receipt of waste has stopped. • Reg. 22.1301(f) and (g) describes the timeliness of closure activities (initiating and completing closure). • Closure must be planned during the landfill design.

7. What is Post-Closure Care? Topic #2 • Post-Closure Care includes operation and maintenance of the final cover system, leachate and/or gas collection system, groundwater monitoring systems, surface water management, site access control, deed restrictions, records maintenance, and reporting. • Post-Closure Care must be plannedduring the landfill design.

8. Post-Closure Care Maintenance at Closed Landfills Topic #2

9. Post-Closure Care Maintenance at Closed Landfills Topic #2

10. Post-Closure Care Maintenance at Closed Landfills Topic #2

11. Post-Closure Care Maintenance at Closed Landfills Topic #2

12. What is Post-Closure Care? (con't) Topic #2 • Reg. 22.1302(c) requires post-closure care be conducted for 30 years at Class 1 landfills and 2 years at Class 3 or 4 landfills. • Post-Closure care period may be extended or reduceddepending on site conditions and impacts to the environment.

13. Phasing Closure and Post-Closure Care Topic #3 • Reg. 221302(g) - Facilities with multiple units may begin post-closure care period if they do not share common liner or cover systems. • Although maybe a limited incentive, closure of completed units can be advantageous because of potential cost savings.

14. Phasing Closure and Post-Closure Care (con't) Topic #3 • Closing landfill units often reduces operational expenses related to leachate and gas management. • Closing landfill units in phases reduces high capital cost outlays later in the life of the landfill. • Closing landfill units reduced the amount of financial assurance required by Reg. 22, Chapter 14.

15. Phased Closure Example Topic #3

16. Phased Closure Example Topic #3 • .

17. References - Closure and Post-Closure Care Estimates Topic #4 • Federal guidelines exist (1987,1994, 2001). Federal guides include numerous line item details. • SWANA addresses cost estimates and financial assurance in Tech. Policy T-09.1 (1994) • ADEQ has HW guide to closure and cost estimates (2010). ADEQ's Fall 2011 "Solid Waste Quarterly" included article on cost estimations.

18. References - Closure and Post Closure Care Estimates (con't) Topic #4 • ADEQ - SWMD issued "Guidance for Preparing Closure and Post-Closure Plans and Cost Estimates…" in 1996. • Cost estimation portion (Tables 3 and 4) of the ADEQ 1996 Guide is being reviewed. • More complete list of "line items" is being developed.

19. ADEQ 1996 Guide - Closure Estimate Table Topic #5

20. ADEQ 1996 Guide - Closure Estimate Table (con't) Topic #5

21. ADEQ 1996 Guide Deficiencies Topic #5 • Table 3 (Closure) lack some major cost item details which need to be listed: • closure contract development • procurement and management of closure contract • leachate collection system upgrades or modifications • gas collection system installation • groundwater monitoring well installations

22. ADEQ 1996 Guide Deficiencies (con't) Topic #5 • Table 4 (Post-Closure Care) cost estimate lacks details: • Leachate collection system upgrades • Leachate analytical costs • Groundwater well replacements • Landfill gas monitoring system upgrades • Gas extraction system operation and maintenance • Procurement and contract management • Post-closure oversight management and reporting

23. ADEQ 1996 Guide Deficiencies (con't) Topic #5 • Both Table 3 and 4 lack: • Complete analysis of cost associated with closure and post-closure (e.g., final cover soil material cost may be included but loading, transportation and placement may not) • Source documentation of cost estimate (i.e., cost estimation references - cost manuals, actual local estimate)

24. Draft Revised Closure and Post-Closure Care Cost Item List Closure (THIRD PARTY COSTS!) • Professional services • Final cover • Erosion control • Gas system • Groundwater monitoring system • Leachate collection system Topic #6

25. Draft Revised Closure and Post-Closure Care Cost Item List (con't) Closure (con't) (THIRD PARTY COSTS!) • Operations and inventory removal • Demolition/removal site improvements • Replace/rebuild site access controls • Borrow area reclamation • Miscellaneous and contingencies Topic #6

26. Draft Revised Closure and Post-Closure Care Cost Item List (con't) Post-Closure Care (THIRD PARTY COSTS!) • Professional services • Final cover routine maintenance • Final cover repairs • Access road repairs • Leachate collection system operation and maintenance Topic #6

27. Draft Revised Closure and Post-Closure Care Cost Item List (con't) Post-Closure Care (con't) (THIRD PARTY COSTS!) • Groundwater monitoring system operation and maintenance • Gas monitoring system operation and maintenance • Corrective actions evaluation and implementation • Miscellaneous and contingencies Topic #6

28. Draft Revised Closure Cost Spreadsheet Topic #6

29. Draft Revised Closure Cost Spreadsheet (con't) Topic #6

30. Summary - Closure and Post-Closure Care Cost Estimations • Closure and post-closure care are integral parts of landfill design and operations. • Phased closure can be planned and designed. Decisions must be made early in design. • Numerous guidance exist to outline a thorough cost estimation.

31. Summary - Closure and Post-Closure Care Cost Estimations • Closure cost estimates must reflect largest area and most expensive situation ever to be addressed. • Post-closure care costs estimates must include repair and replacement of operating systems and must allow for correct action evaluation and implementation.

32. Comments/Questions? Please hold questions until the afternoon panel discussions? If you have comments, please forward to: • ADEQ Solid Waste Division 501-682-0602