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Chapter 4 Compounds and Their Bonds

Chapter 4 Compounds and Their Bonds. 4.8 Polyatomic Ions. Polyatomic Ions. A polyatomic ion is a group of two or more atoms that has an overall ionic charge. Some examples of polyatomic ions are NH 4 + ammonium OH - hydroxide NO 3 - nitrate NO 2 - nitrite

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Chapter 4 Compounds and Their Bonds

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  1. Chapter 4 Compounds and Their Bonds 4.8 Polyatomic Ions

  2. Polyatomic Ions • A polyatomic ion is a group of two or more atoms that has an overall ionic charge. • Some examples of polyatomic ions are NH4+ ammonium OH - hydroxide NO3- nitrate NO2 - nitrite CO32 - carbonate PO43 - phosphate HCO3 - hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate)

  3. Common Polyatomic Ions

  4. Formulas with Polyatomic Ions • The formula of an ionic compound containing a polyatomic ion is written to make the overall charge equal zero (0). Na+ and NO3- NaNO3 • When two or more polyatomic ions are needed, the polyatomic ion is enclosed in parentheses. polyatomic ion Mg2+ and NO3 - Mg(NO3)2 subscript 2 for charge balance

  5. Some Compounds with Polyatomic Ions

  6. Learning Check Select the correct formula for each: A. Aluminum nitrate 1) AlNO3 2) Al(NO)3 3) Al(NO3)3 B. Copper(II) nitrate 1) CuNO3 2) Cu(NO3)2 3) Cu2(NO3) C. Iron (III) hydroxide 1) FeOH 2) Fe3OH 3) Fe(OH)3 D. Tin(IV) hydroxide 1) Sn(OH)4 2) Sn(OH)2 3) Sn4(OH)

  7. Solution Select the correct formula for each: A. Aluminum nitrate 3) Al(NO3)3 B. Copper(II) nitrate 2) Cu(NO3)2 C. Iron (III) hydroxide 3) Fe(OH)3 D. Tin(IV) hydroxide 1) Sn(OH)4

  8. Naming Compounds with Polyatomic Ions • For compounds with polyatomic ions, the positive ion is named first followed by the name of the polyatomic ion.NaNO3 sodium nitrateK2SO4potassium sulfateAl(HCO3)3aluminumbicarbonate oraluminum hydrogen carbonate(NH4)3PO4 ammonium phosphate

  9. Learning Check Match each formula with the correct name: A.Na2CO3 1) magnesium sulfite MgSO3 2) magnesium sulfate MgSO4 3) sodium carbonate B. Ca(HCO3)2 1) calcium carbonate CaCO3 2) calcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 3) calcium bicarbonate

  10. Solution A.Na2CO33) sodium carbonate MgSO31) magnesium sulfite MgSO42) magnesium sulfate B. Ca(HCO3)23) calcium bicarbonate CaCO31) calcium carbonate Ca3(PO4)2 2) calcium phosphate

  11. Summary of Naming Compounds

  12. Naming Rules

  13. Naming Rules (continued)

  14. Learning Check Name each of the following compounds: A. Mg(NO3)2 B. CuCl2 C. N2O4 D. Fe2(SO4)3 E. Ba3(PO4)2

  15. Solution Name each of the following compounds: A. Mg(NO3)2 magnesium nitrate B. CuCl2 copper(II) chloride C. N2O4 dinitrogen tetroxide D. Fe2(SO4)3 iron(III) sulfate E. Ba3(PO4)2 barium phosphate

  16. Learning Check Write the correct formula for each: A. potassium sulfide B. calcium carbonate C. sodium phosphite D. iron(III) oxide E. iron (II) nitrate

  17. Solution Write the correct formula for each: A. potassium sulfide K2S B. calcium carbonate CaCO3 C. sodium phosphite Na3PO3 D. iron(III) oxide Fe2O3 E. iron (II) nitrate Fe(NO3)2

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