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Immune System and Transfer Factor

Immune System and Transfer Factor. Immune System. The health of the body is dependent on the immune system's ability to recognize and then react and remember germs and cancers. Major Lines of Immune Defense. Innate Immunity Passive Active

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Immune System and Transfer Factor

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  1. Immune System and Transfer Factor

  2. Immune System The health of the body is dependent on the immune system's ability to recognize and then react and remember germs and cancers.

  3. Major Lines of Immune Defense • Innate Immunity • Passive Active • Skin Inflammatory Cells • Mucus Natural Killer Cells • Stomach Acid Phagocytic Cells • Tears Natural Antibodies • Interferon Complement proteins • Acquired Immunity • Active • B Cells Immune Memory cells • T Cells Antibodies

  4. Characteristics of Innate and Acquired Immunity • Innate Acquired • Prior exposure to the Requires exposure to microbe not required microbe • Nonspecific Specific • Repeat exposure does Memory for re- not change response exposure • Natural antibodies Elicited antibodies • Complement system Cytotoxic Lymphocytes • Natural Killer cells Memory B and T cells • Phagocytes Plasma cells (antibodies)

  5. The Innate Immune System Cells (N K cells) are the 1st line defenders against cancer and infectious disease. It initiates and improves the slower but more specific acquired immune response.

  6. In 1949 H. Sherwood Lawrence, Ph.D. was attempting to understand the immune response and how it was conveyed.

  7. + - - + - + + + +

  8. Response to an Infectious Threat Secondary Response Primary Response First Exposure Second Exposure Memory Cell

  9. PRIMARY IMMUNE RESPONSE

  10. PRIMARY IMMUNE RESPONSE • A cut in the skin damages cells and allows bacteria into the body signaling an immune response from macrophages and other scavenger immune cells. • Mast cells release chemicals that trigger inflammation, allowing other immune cells to rush to the problem area. • Before reinforcements arrive, macrophages and other prestationed immune cells start attacking bacteria, chop them up into bits called antigens. • They are then transported to lymph nodes where these macrophages attach to B cells and T cells. B cells begin producing antibodies specifically for the particular antigens or germs the body is exposed to. • The antibodies trigger responses from certain immune cells like NK cells, macrophages and killer T cells to engulf and kill the bacteria-infected cells. • Helper T cells signal the antibodies and killer T cells to go directly to the wound. • While the immune cells are taking care of the germs, other cells called platelets begin healing the wound by forming clots which close the wound

  11. SECONDARY IMMUNE RESPONSE

  12. SECONDARY IMMUNE RESPONSE • A cut in the skin damages cells and allows bacteria into the body signaling an immune response from macrophages and other scavenger immune cells. • Mast cells release chemicals that trigger inflammation, allowing other immune cells to rush to the problem area. • Before reinforcements arrive, macrophages and other pre-stationed immune cells start attacking bacteria, chop them up into bits called antigens. • B cells, set in motion by previous immune responses, begin producing antibodies specifically for the particular antigens or germs the body is exposed to. The antibodies trigger responses from certain immune cells like NK cells, macrophages and killer T cells to engulf and kill the bacteria-infected cells. • Helper T cells signal the antibodies and killer T cells to go directly to the wound. • While the immune cells are taking care of the germs, other cells called platelets begin healing the wound by forming clots which close the wound.

  13. Secondary Immune Response 1. Early Recognition 2. Quick Response 3. Massive Response Memory Molecule Is: 4. Allows Us to Win “The Numbers Game” Transfer Factor 5. Provides Resistance 6. Resistance Equals Immunity 7. Immunity Provides Protection 8. Key to Immunity - Memory Molecule

  14. BLOOD (1949 LAWRENCE) WHITE BLOODCELLS CALLED LYMPHOCYTES ARE REMOVED FROM BLOOD AND TRANSFER FACTORS ARE REMOVED FROM THEM. EXPENSIVE BUT EFFECTIVE.NOT PRACTICAL FOR GENERAL USE. COLOSTRUM (1989 WILSON/PADDOCK) FIRST MATERNAL MILK PRODUCED RIGHT AT AND AFTER BIRTH. PATENTED SELECTIVE FILTRATION METHOD PERFECTED IN 1989 WHICH REMOVES TRANSFER FACTORS FROM COLOSTRUM. ECONOMICAL AND EFFECTIVE.PRACTICAL FOR GENERAL USE. SOURCES OF TRANSFER FACTOR

  15. Source of Transfer Factor ULTRA FILTRATION Dry FILTER • NO PESTICIDES • NO ANTIBIOTICS • NO HORMONES

  16. From the Cow to YouTransfer Factor™ Quality Quality Assurance and Product Safety Communications Dr. Rick Bennett

  17. Farms in the United States “Grade A” Dairies State and Federal quality controls Pasture and Corral fed The TF Farms and Cows

  18. Colostrum Production • Colostrum “milked” for the first day + • Baby calves get plenty • Harvested as for Grade A Milk • Frozen on farm

  19. Colostrum TF Processing ™ • Frozen then thawedat plant • Defatted • Batch Pasteurized (LTLT) • Ultra-filtered to concentrate Transfer Factor™ • Low temp. sprayed dried

  20. Quality Assurance: HACCP • Known hazards • Documented interventions • Electronic monitoring True QA !

  21. ™ Transfer Factor Safety Communications Key Points • USFDA Grade A Dairies • USDA and State Approved Food Processing Plants • Pasteurized Colostrum and TF Ultra-filtrate (3x Microbial safety control) • Antibiotics cannot be legally used in “milking” cows- Milk and colostrum routinely tested • rBST not “generally” used on TF farms • Mad Cow disease NOT present in US

  22. ™ Transfer FactorQuality Assured, Ready for Product Formulation and You

  23. DAIRY CATTLE PRODUCE LARGE AMOUNTS OF COLOSTRUM-MORE THAN THE CALF NEEDS. TRANSFER FACTORS ARE THE SAME FOR ALL SPECIES. IMPORTANT POINTS HUMAN AND COW TRANSFER FACTORS ARE MOLECULARLY IDENTICAL!!!

  24. COLOSTRUM WATER VITAMINS/MINERALS PROTEIN FAT CARBORHYDRATES (LACTOSE) IMMUNOGLOBULINS (SPECIES-SPECIFIC ANTIBODIES) SLIGHT GROWTH HORMONE TRANSFER FACTORS TRANSFER FACTOR™ TRANSFER FACTORS WHY NOT JUST COLOSTRUM? IT IS ESTIMATED TO TAKE 45 GM OF COLOSTRUM (OR 45,000 MG) TO GET THE EQUIVALENT TRANSFER FACTORS IN 600 MG OF 4LIFE™ TRANSFER FACTOR™.

  25. CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSFER FACTORS • VERY SMALL POLYPEPTIDES (PROTEINS) • MOLECULAR WEIGHT < 6000 DALTONS • THE SAME FOR ALL SPECIES • STABLE EVEN IN ACID ENVIRONMENT (NOT HYDROLYZED) • ABSORABLE IN ALL-AGED RECIPIENTS • NON-ALLERGENIC DUE TO SMALL SIZE • HALF-LIFE THOUGHT TO BE < THREE WEEKS • ORAL ADMINISTRATION THOUGHT TO BE MOST EFFECTIVE ROUTE • NON-TOXIC REMEMBER #3 – TRANSFER FACTORS ARE THE SAME FOR ALL SPECIES!!

  26. PROPERTIES OF TRANSFER FACTORS(3 FRACTIONS) • INDUCER TRIGGERS A GENERAL STATE FRACTION OF READINESS IN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM • ANTIGEN AN ARRAY OF CRITICAL TAGS SPECIFIC USED BY THE IMMUNE SYSTEM FRACTION TO IDENTIFY A HOST OF ENEMY MICROBES • SUPPRESSOR DOWN-REGULATES THE IMMUNE FRACTION RESPONSE ONCE THE THREAT IS DEFEATED

  27. Benefits of Transfer Factor • Emergence of new viruses or resurfacing of old pathogens. • Successful use in viral, parasitic, fungal, malignant, neurological and autoimmune diseases. • Cases of atopic dermatitis, herpes zoster ophthalmicus • l600 pts, good to excellent results in viral, cancer, fungal, CFS, AIDS and autoimmune diseases with no acute or chronic toxicity. • Congenital immunodeficiency, IgA, IgE • Antibiotic-resistant infections • Asthma • Psoriasis • Senility • Hepatitis B • The use of transfer factor in the prevention of illness and the maintenance of health is its greatest potential benefit and its safety when used chronically has been well demonstrated. • Excellent safety record with no adverse side effect even when administered in extreme excess or over several years in all age groups.

  28. TF in the Intensive Care Unit15 • 60 patients • immuno-deficiencies, diabetic patients • no time to wait for tests • 1 unit of TF 3/d for 3 days oral, IM or IV • improved response to conventional therapy • reduced hospitalization time

  29. TF and Severe Pediatric Infections12 • 45 patients • average age 4.2 yrs • unresponsive to conventional therapy • 43 cases reached remission • improvement even in the 2 other cases in spite of congenital IgA and IgG deficiency

  30. TF and Severe Pediatric Infections12 • 45 patients • average age 4.2 yrs • unresponsive to conventional therapy • 43 cases reached remission • improvement even in the 2 other cases in spite of congenital IgA and IgG deficiency

  31. Atopic Dermatitis with Transfer Factor or Cyclosporin A • 30 patients • Cellular immune deficiency • Unresponsive to conventional therapy • Both groups lowered eosinophils • Cyclosporin A lowered CD4 (helper) • TF raised CD8 (suppressor)

  32. TRANSFER FACTOR • More than 3,000 publications • Clinical trials • International Congress on Transfer Factor (XI)

  33. US PATENTS • [54] FOOD AND THE METHOD OF • EXTRACTING THE SAME FROM • COLOSTRUM AND MILK • [75] Inventors: Mary E. Collins; Robert A. Collins, • both of Waukon, Iowa • [73] Assignee: Impro Porducts, Inc., Wankson, Iowa • [21] Appl. No.: 276,230 • [22] Filed:Jun. 22, 1981 • Related U.S. Application Data • [63] Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 154,502, May 29, • 1980, abandoned. • [51] Int. Cl.4............................................... 4A61K 39/00 • [52] U.S. Cl. ........................................ 424/85; 426/583; • 426/491 • [53] Field of Search ...................426/580, 583, 41, 431, • 426/491, 495, 657; 424/85, 86, 87 • [56] References Cited: • U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS • 3,128,230 4/1964 Helabach...................424/85 • 3,646,193 2/1972 Michaelson et al. ......424/85 • 3,911,108 10/1975 Siagla.........................424/86 • 3,984,539 10/1976 Khouw et al...........424/85 X • 4,051,235 9/1977 Plymater ....................424/85 • PATENT PURPORTED BY MATOL • United States Patent [19] [11] 4,402,938 • Collins et al. [45] Sep. 6, 1983 • 4,138,501 2/1979 Chareron et al. .......426/239 • 4,284,623 5/1981 Beck ......................... 424/85 • OTHER PUBLICATIONS • Webb, B.H., “Fundamentals of Dairy Chemistry”, The • Avi Publ. Co., Inc., Westport, Conn., 1965, pp. 10 and • 416. • Butler, J.H., :37 The Occurrence of Immunoglobulin • Fragments, Two Types of Lactoferrin and a Lac- to- • Ferrin-lgG2 Complex in Bovine Colostral and Milk • Whey”, Biochemists et Biophsicis Acta, 295, (1973), • pp. 341-351. • McDonough, F.E., et al., “Protein Concentrate from • Cheese Whey by Ultrafiltration”, J. Dairy Sci., vol. 54, • No. 10, Oct. 1971, pp. 1406-1409. • Primary Examiner -- Robert A Yoncoakie • Attorney, Agent, or Firm -- Ira Milton Jones • [57] ABSTRACT • This invention provides a new and useful food factor for • use as a nutritional supplement for animals, which • product comprises whey obtained from colostrum and • milk as it comes from selected cows or other ungulates, • and containing an active fraction having a molecular • weight on the order of 1200 or less. • 6 Claims, No Drawings • [54] PROCESS FOR OBTAINING TRANSFER • FACTOR FROM COLOSTRUM, TRANSFER • FACTOR SO OBTAINED AND USE • THEREOF • [75] Inventors: Gregory B. Wilson; Gary V. Paddock, • both of Mount Pleasant, S.C. • [73] Assignee: Amtron, Inc., Charleston, S.C. • [21] Appl. No.: 670,596 • [22] Filed: Nov. 15, 1984 • Related U.S. Application Data • [63] Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 554,921, Nov. 25, • 1983, abandoned. • [51] Int. Cl.4 ........................ A61K 39/00; A61K 39/02; • A61K 39/12; C07H 15/12 • [52] U.S. Cl. ......................................530/344; 530/300; • 536/22; 536/23; 536/24; 536/27; 514/2; 514/7; • 514/8; 424/88; 424/89; 424/92; 424/105; • 435/68 • [58] Field of Search....................... 424/95, 105, 88, 89, • 424/92, 93; 514/2, 7, 8; 530/350, 300, 832, 833, • 344, 300; 536/22, 23, 24, 27 • [56] References Cited • PUBLICATIONS • France et al Clin Res, vol. 28 863 A 1981 “Transfer • Factor from Human Colostrum and Breast Milk Lymphocytes”. • Ruben et al Clin Res vol. 27(4) 1979 698 A “Cell Medicated • immunity to influenza A virus and influenza B • virus in human colostrum and milk.” • Meggs et al Am J. Obstet Gynecol vol. 133(6) 1979, pp. • 703-707 “In-vitro Stimulation of human colostral lymphocytes • by cytomegalovirus”. • Parmely et al J. Dairy Science vol. 60(4) 1977 pp. • 4LIFE TRANSFER FACTOR PATENT • United States Patent [19] [11] Patent Number: 4,816,563 • Wilson et al. [45] Date of Patent: Mar. 28, 1989 • 655-665 “Colostral cell medicated immunity and the • concept of a common secretory immune system”. • Schlesinger et al Lancet vol. 2 1977 pp. 529-532 “Evidence • for transmission of lymphocytes response to tuberculin • by brest feeding”. • Wilson et al Immunobiology of Transfer Factor 1983 • Kirkpatrick, Colt et al editors p. 331. • Wilson et al. Immunology Today vol. 4, p. 157. • Primary Examiner -- Thomas G. Wiseman • Assistant Examiner -- Robin L. Teskin • Attorney, Agent, or Firm -- John P. White; John J. • Santalone • [57] ABSTRACT • Antigen specific excreted transfer factor may be ob-tained • by collecting material, e.g. colostrum or milk, secreted by • the mammary gland of a suitable lactating mammal, e.g. a • cow having immunity to the antigen under suitable • conditions such that materials which interfere with • transfer factor efficacy are removed so as to obtain • transfer factor. Colostrum or milk so collected may be • used directly, typically after sterilization, or may be • treated to further concentrate and/or purify transfer • factor. Treatment to yield colostral whey con-taining • transfer factor is presently the preferred method for • obtaining transfer factor for use in conferring immu-nity • against diseases associated with antigens for which the • transfer factor is specific. Cell-associated transfer factor • specific for an antigen may also be obtained by incubation • release from, or lysis of, cells obtained from the collected • material. An alternative method for ob-taining transfer • factor is to recover it from the mam- mary tissue of a • suitable lactating mammal. The transfer factor may be • used in edible compositions and in phar-maceutical or • veterinary compositions and in methods for conferring • immunity in a human or lower animal to a disease • associated with the antigen. The transfer fac- tor may then • be used to prevent or treat the disease. • 28 Claims, No Drawings

  34. THREATS FROM OUTSIDE 1. ALLERGIES 2. INFECTIONS THREATS FROM WITHIN 1. AUTO-IMMUNE 2. CANCER IMPORTANCE OF TRANSFER FACTOR(ORIGINS OF DISEASE)

  35. MAJORITY OF DISEASES 1. ALLERGIES 2. INFECTIONS 3. AUTO-IMMUNE 4. CANCER ARE IMMUNE SYSTEM DYSFUNCTIONS

  36. UNDERACHIEVING INFECTION CANCER NEED TO: STIMULATE OVERACHIEVING ALLERGIES AUTO-IMMUNE NEED TO: BALANCE IF YOUR IMMUNE SYSTEM IS:

  37. Transfer Factor™ is an immunomodulator meaning it is best utilized to balance the immune system response. Remember Transfer Factor™ has both INDUCER and SUPPRESSOR fractions.

  38. TRANSFER FACTOR Immune Functionality's: • ENHANCER • SUPPRESSOR • ANTIGEN SPECIFIC

  39. TRANSFER FACTOR PLUS™ • 2ND GENERATION FORMULATION • DESIGNED BY: WILLIAM HENNEN, PH.D. DIRECTOR OF R&D 4LIFE™ RESEARCH • IMMUNO-STIMULANT

  40. TRANSFER FACTOR PLUS™ INGREDIENTS • TRANSFER FACTOR™ • CORDYCEPS 3. GLUCANS (YEAST, MAITAKE, SHIITAKE) 4. MANNANS (FROM ALOE VERA) 5. IP-6 6. THYMIC FACTORS

  41. Lymphocytes • T cells : helper T cell, cytotoxic T cells, DTH T cells • B cells : pro-B cell, pre-B cell, immature B cell, mature B cell • NK cells : CD56bright, CD56dim • NKT cells = NK like T cells • LAK cell = lymphokine activated killer cells ( T-LAK, NK-LAK) • TIL cell = tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

  42. Pivotal role of NK cells in the immune system • NK cells • NKT cells

  43. Innate immunity vs. adaptive immunity • Innate (non-specific): - skin, monocytes/macrophage system, NK cells etc. • Adaptive (specific): - humoral immunity (B cells) - cellular immunity (T cells)

  44. Interplay of Innate and Adaptive Immunity • The complement system is the merging point of innate and adaptive immunity. NK cells also produce a number of cytokines (messenger molecules) that are potent regulator of T cells. • Dendritic cells, like macrophages, capture foreign antigens, present them to other immune cells and trigger antibody production. They also produce cytokines in response to enveloped viruses (herpes simplex and HIV).

  45. THYMUS CD4-helper CD8-suppressor Th2 Th1 CTL Cytotoxicity Suppressor Innate Humoral Innate immunity i.e. macrophage Mediated with little antibody Adaptive immunity i.e. antibodies produced and isotype class switching Infected cell is killed http://www.health.auckland.ac.nz/courses/Biosci357/LecturesWeb/357Lecture11.htm

  46. NKT cells (human) • Restricted TCR repertorie : Va24-JaQ • Recognize MHC class I –like CD1 • Frequency - PBL : 0.1 ~ 0.5% - Liver : 4 – 5% • Cytokine production - type 1 : IFN-g, IL-2, TNF-b  anti-cancer effect - type 2 : IL-4, IL-5, IL-10  prevent autoimmune disease

  47. Natural Killer Cell (I) • 10 – 20% of lymphocytes in circulating blood • Natural resistance against tumors and virus infections etc. • Morphology : Large Granular Lymphocytes (LGL) • Marker : CD3-CD56+CD16+/-

  48. Killer Cells • They target cells that are missing the self marker that identifies a cell as one of our own. Foreign cells without self markers are attacked. • Low NK cell activity: cancer, congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies, severe viral infections, autoimmune diseases, behavioral disorders, several genetic disorders, chronic illness and infections. • The young, the old and the stressed are more susceptible to immunologic breakdown. This may allow tumors to grow faster. • Chronic fatigue immune dysfunction syndrome • (CFIDS) is associated with persistently low NK activity

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