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Early Pioneers

In the early 1840s, Americans were captivated by the allure of the West, yearning for riches and adventure in California, Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. The concept of Manifest Destiny fueled this movement, suggesting it was America's obligation to expand across the continent. The Bidwell-Bartleson party made history as the first known wagon train to cross northern Utah into California. Guided by legendary figures like "Broken Hand" Fitzpatrick and John C. Fremont, these expeditions laid the groundwork for future settlers, marking the beginning of westward expansion and exploration.

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Early Pioneers

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  1. Early Pioneers

  2. Manifest Destiny • In the East of America, people were hearing all about California, Oregon, Washington, and Idaho from explorers • Many people wanted to go look for riches, land and adventure in the West! • But the western half of America in the early 1840’s wasn’t a part of the United States yet! • Some of it was owned by Mexico

  3. But many Americans in the east believed it SHOULD be owned by America! • Manifest Destiny: the belief that Americans should spread across the continent because it was their duty

  4. The first known wagon train to cross northern Utah was the • Bidwell-Bartleson party John Bidwell and John Bartleson took a group and were lead by a fur trapper, “Broken hand” Fitzpatrick from Missouri across Utah into California The first known white womanwas 19 year old Nancy Kelsey was part of this group.

  5. Because of their trip, it proved to others you COULD reach California • And that it was “so easy… a woman could do it!”

  6. John C. Fremont • An army officer, John C. Fremont made several trips across Utah as well • He eloped with Senator Benton’s daughter, Jessie and, trying to make best with the situation, Senator Benton hired Fremont to explore the Oregon Trail • He made several trips through Utah

  7. Fremont’s First Expedition • 1843-1844 • He led a group of 30 mountain men guided by Fitzpatrick and Kit Carson over the northern parts of Utah then onto the Oregon Trail to California • On their return, they took the Old Spanish Trail back through today’s Las Vegas and St. George through Southern parts of Utah

  8. Fremont’s 3rd Expedition • 1845 • Guided by Kit Carson and mountain man, Joseph Walker through central Utah • They went through the Great Basin, past the Provo River • They wanted to find a water route from the Great Salt Lake to California

  9. Fremont’s 4th Expedition • 1853 • He wanted to find a good route for the new railroad coming in • This route went through Southern Utah

  10. Fremont’s Contributions • He took accurate measurements of altitude • Collected soil samples • Wrote about land, water and plant life • Created important maps

  11. What happened to Fremont? • His family moved to California • He was elected Senator • He ran for President but lost

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