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. solemn promise: a formal or legally binding pledge to do something such as tell the truth in a court of law, made formally and often naming God or a loved one as a witness 2. words of promise: the words said when making a formal pledge, especially when reciting a conventional formula such as that used in a court of law 3. swearword: a swearword, especially one that uses the name of God or another sacred name in a disrespectful way
oath . solemn promise: a formal or legally binding pledge to do something such as tell the truth in a court of law, made formally and often naming God or a loved one as a witness 2. words of promise: the words said when making a formal pledge, especially when reciting a conventional formula such as that used in a court of law 3. swearword: a swearword, especially one that uses the name of God or another sacred name in a disrespectful way
adj[gə lánt, gə lnt] 1. courteous: courteous and thoughtful, especially toward women 2. brave: brave, spirited, and honorable (literary) 3. majestic: grand and majestic (archaic) 4. stylish: stylish or showy in dress (archaic)
gallant adj[gə lánt, gə lnt] 1. courteous: courteous and thoughtful, especially toward women 2. brave: brave, spirited, and honorable (literary) 3. majestic: grand and majestic (archaic) 4. stylish: stylish or showy in dress (archaic)
1. ability to avoid giving offense: skill in situations in which other people’s feelings have to be considered 2. discretion: an intuitive sense of what is right or appropriate
tact 1. ability to avoid giving offense: skill in situations in which other people’s feelings have to be considered 2. discretion: an intuitive sense of what is right or appropriate
n 1. difficulties: difficulty or suffering caused by a lack of something, especially money 2. cause of hardship: something that causes hardship
hardship n 1. difficulties: difficulty or suffering caused by a lack of something, especially money 2. cause of hardship: something that causes hardship
adj 1. without an occupant: having no occupant or contents There were several vacant seats on the bus. a vacant lot2. unoccupied by an incumbent or official: not occupied by an incumbent, official, or possessor 3. lacking expression: showing no signs of thought, intelligence, or expression a vacant stare4. free from activity: free from activity, business, or work a vacant afternoon CORE MEANING: lacking contents or occupants vacant describes a house or room that has no occupants, often temporarily; unoccupied describes a building that has no one in it, especially when this has been the case for quite some time; empty describes something such as a container that has no contents or something such as a room that has no occupants;
vacant adj 1. without an occupant: having no occupant or contents There were several vacant seats on the bus. a vacant lot2. unoccupied by an incumbent or official: not occupied by an incumbent, official, or possessor 3. lacking expression: showing no signs of thought, intelligence, or expression a vacant stare4. free from activity: free from activity, business, or work a vacant afternoon CORE MEANING: lacking contents or occupants vacant describes a house or room that has no occupants, often temporarily; unoccupied describes a building that has no one in it, especially when this has been the case for quite some time; empty describes something such as a container that has no contents or something such as a room that has no occupants;
1. vtibe or make somebody suitable: to have or give somebody a skill or attribute necessary for a particular activity 2. vtihave or give somebody eligibility: to become legally eligible or make somebody legally eligible for a position or privilege • Did your exam results qualify you for the job?3. viwin first round of competition: to complete the preliminary part of a competition successfully and earn the right to go on to the next stage
qualify 1. vtibe or make somebody suitable: to have or give somebody a skill or attribute necessary for a particular activity 2. vtihave or give somebody eligibility: to become legally eligible or make somebody legally eligible for a position or privilege • Did your exam results qualify you for the job?3. viwin first round of competition: to complete the preliminary part of a competition successfully and earn the right to go on to the next stage
1. intense: intense and lively keen competition2. sensitive: finely tuned and able to sense minor differences, distinctions, or details a keen sense of smell3. enthusiastic: very eager and willing not very keen on the idea4. acute: quick to understand things a keen sense of humor5. sharp: with a sharp cutting edge (literary) a keen razor6. biting: extremely cold and penetrating a keen wind7. very good: fine or very good (dated slang) a keen new bike
keen 1. intense: intense and lively keen competition2. sensitive: finely tuned and able to sense minor differences, distinctions, or details a keen sense of smell3. enthusiastic: very eager and willing not very keen on the idea4. acute: quick to understand things a keen sense of humor5. sharp: with a sharp cutting edge (literary) a keen razor6. biting: extremely cold and penetrating a keen wind7. very good: fine or very good (dated slang) a keen new bike
1. envious: feeling bitter and unhappy because of another’s advantages, possessions, or luck 2. suspicious of rivals: feeling suspicious about a rival’s or competitor’s influence, especially in regard to a loved one
jealous 1. envious: feeling bitter and unhappy because of another’s advantages, possessions, or luck 2. suspicious of rivals: feeling suspicious about a rival’s or competitor’s influence, especially in regard to a loved one
1. vtleave somebody behind: to leave somebody or something behind for others to look after, especially somebody or something meant to be a personal responsibility • pets abandoned by their owners2. vtleave a place because of danger: to leave a place or vehicle, especially for reasons of safety and without intending to return soon • Drivers caught in the snowstorm had to abandon their vehicles.3. vtrenounce something: to renounce or reject something previously done or used • The practice was abandoned long ago.
abandon • 1. vtleave somebody behind: to leave somebody or something behind for others to look after, especially somebody or something meant to be a personal responsibility • pets abandoned by their owners2. vtleave a place because of danger: to leave a place or vehicle, especially for reasons of safety and without intending to return soon • Drivers caught in the snowstorm had to abandon their vehicles.3. vtrenounce something: to renounce or reject something previously done or used • The practice was abandoned long ago.
4. vtgive up control of something: to surrender control of something completely to somebody else As troops closed in the town was abandoned to its fate.5. vthalt something in progress: to stop doing something before it is completed, usually because of difficulty or danger 6. vt INSURANCE give up to insurer: to surrender part of an insured property to the insurer in order to make a claim for total loss 7. vrgive in to emotion: to give yourself over to a powerful emotion He abandoned himself to his grief. n lack of restraint: complete lack of inhibition or self-restraint
abandon 4. vtgive up control of something: to surrender control of something completely to somebody else As troops closed in the town was abandoned to its fate.5. vthalt something in progress: to stop doing something before it is completed, usually because of difficulty or danger 6. vt INSURANCE give up to insurer: to surrender part of an insured property to the insurer in order to make a claim for total loss 7. vrgive in to emotion: to give yourself over to a powerful emotion He abandoned himself to his grief. n lack of restraint: complete lack of inhibition or self-restraint
n (takes a singular or plural verb) 1. factual information: information, often in the form of facts or figures obtained from experiments or surveys, used as a basis for making calculations or drawing conclusions 2. COMPUTING information for computer processing: information, for example, numbers, text, images, and sounds, in a form that is suitable for storage in or processing by a computer
data n (takes a singular or plural verb) 1. factual information: information, often in the form of facts or figures obtained from experiments or surveys, used as a basis for making calculations or drawing conclusions 2. COMPUTING information for computer processing: information, for example, numbers, text, images, and sounds, in a form that is suitable for storage in or processing by a computer
adj 1. not accustomed: not used or accustomed to something 2. unfamiliar: not usual or known before
unaccustomed adj 1. not accustomed: not used or accustomed to something 2. unfamiliar: not usual or known before
n 1. unmarried man: a man who is not married, or one who has never been married 2. young knight: a young knight in feudal times who served under the banner of another knight or a great lord 3. unmated young male seal: a young male seal, especially a fur seal, that older male seals keep from having access to breeding grounds 4. CanadaSee bachelor apartment
bachelor n 1. unmarried man: a man who is not married, or one who has never been married 2. young knight: a young knight in feudal times who served under the banner of another knight or a great lord 3. unmated young male seal: a young male seal, especially a fur seal, that older male seals keep from having access to breeding grounds 4. CanadaSee bachelor apartment
phrase 1. GRAMMAR grammatical unit: a string of words that form a grammatical unit, usually within a clause or sentence 2. LANGUAGE fixed expression: a string of words that are used together
clause • n • 1. GRAMMAR group of words: a group of words consisting of a subject and its predicate. A clause usually contains a verb and may or may not be a sentence in its own right. • The sentence “she left before he arrived” contains two clauses, “she left” and “before he arrived.”
gerund 1. noun from a verb: a noun formed from a verb, describing an action, state, or process. In English, it is formed from the verb’s -ing form, as “smoking” is in the phrase “No smoking.”
infinitive • basic form of verb: a form of a verb with no reference to a particular tense, person, or subject. • In English, an infinitive is usually preceded by the word “to,” as in “to see.” • The form of the verb that expresses existence or action without reference to person, number, or tense and can also function as a noun: in English, it is usually the form of the the first person singular present preceded by the marker to (Ex.: to go, to think) or by another verb form (Ex.: can he speak? make him try)
