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Ernest Rutherford 1871 -1937

Ernest Rutherford 1871 -1937. By Peter Fan and Rahul Kantesaria. Personal Background. Born on August 30 th 1871 in Nelson, New Zealand . Attended Nelson College from 1886 to 1889. Then studied at Canterbury College receiving his bachelor's degree in 1892.

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Ernest Rutherford 1871 -1937

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  1. Ernest Rutherford1871 -1937 By Peter Fan and Rahul Kantesaria

  2. Personal Background • Born on August 30th 1871 in Nelson, New Zealand . • Attended Nelson College from 1886 to 1889. • Then studied at Canterbury College receiving his bachelor's degree in 1892. • He got his Master’s degree in mathematics and physics in 1893. • Rutherford's first professorship was at McGill University in Montreal. • In 1900 he married Mary Newton. • In 1901 bore Eileen, their only child. • Won the Rumford Medal in 1905 • In 1908 he won a Nobel Prize for Chemistry • He died on October 19th 1937 in Cambridge

  3. Scientific Research and Interests • Proved iron can be magnetized • In 1894 created the first wireless signals • At Cambridge University, Rutherford worked with J.J Thompson to discover ions by using x- rays to cause air molecules to break apart into equal number of positive and negative charges • His research was bases on a major field a of science: nuclear physics • In 1899, he discovered radiation had 2 different types of penetrating power with the presence of an electrical current. He called the radiation types Alpha and Beta. He later discovered Gamma.

  4. Scientific Research and Interests • Described changes in materials when it emits radiation • In 1905, he discovered the alpha particle is an helium atom without electrons (a helium nucleus) • Conducted the Gold Foil Experiment • In one experiment, he used alpha particles to create O-17 from N-18 • During WW2 he made methods of detecting submarines • His interests were golfing and motoring

  5. Question • What was the first thing he proved fact? • Proved iron can be magnetized

  6. The Gold Foil Experiment • In this experiment Positively charged alpha particles were beamed through a thin piece of gold foil. • This experiment was conducted in 1911 by Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden at the suggestion of Ernest Rutherford. • Geiger andMarsden hypothesized that the particles would go right through, but they found that a small percentage of the particles were deflected at large angle. • Since the alpha particles is 8000 the mass of an electron and it was beamed at high velocities, they realized that there must have ben a very strong force to deflect these particles. • Therefore they concluded that some of the particles deflected off of the nuclei of the gold atoms. • http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/electromag/java/rutherford/

  7. The Results of the Gold Foil Experiment • Through the experiment he discovered the existence of the nucleus • Since only 1 in 8000 particles passed through, he concluded that the atom was made up of mostly empty space • The nucleus was very dense ,had a positive charge, and is extremely small and the electron were in the “empty” space

  8. Citations • "Ernest Rutherford." World of Scientific Discovery. Gale, 2006. Gale Biography In Context. Web. 7 Oct. 2011. • "Rutherford, Ernest (1871-1937)." Encyclopedia of World Biography. Detroit: Gale, 1998. Gale Biography In Context. Web. 7 Oct. 2011. • Nobel Lectures, Chemistry 1901-1921, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1966

  9. Citations • National Academy of Sciences. (2011). ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR STRUCTURE. Retrieved October 14, 2011, from http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11976&page=19 • Davidson, M. W., & Florida State University. (2010). The Rutherford Experiment. Retrieved 10/14/11 from http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/electromag/java/rutherford/

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