Ganbold.B / lecturer of Professorial Team for Humanities, STD /

1. MUST, School of Technology in DarkhanComparative Studies on Compound Adjective Formation of Mongolian & English Languages Ganbold.B /lecturer of Professorial Team for Humanities, STD/

2. Purpose of study: The purpose of my research is to compare English and Mongolian grammatical structure, to give a theoreticaland practicaldissection for English and Mongolian compound adjectives and to determine their basic formation and character in the clause sentences

3. Importance of research: • This research will be useful for students and researchers to compare the study of English and Mongolian compound adjectives similar and differences. • This newly issued comparative study is to easily translate between English and Mongolian languages and to compare English and Mongolian adjectives, especially, the compound adjective formation.

5. The most valuable source of information on this topic -Onorbayan.Ts; Mongolian morphology,1995 - Byambasan.P.The Mongolian Word Structure,1975 • Bauer Laurie; English Word-formation, 1983 • -Adams Valerie; An Introduction to Modern English Word-formation, 1973

6. Onorbayan.Ts

7. J. Hladky

8. V. Adams

9. L. Bauer

10. Mongolian and English compound adjectives and should fall into a particular word class a one lexical unit syntactically grammatically semantically

11. Hence, word-forms like

12. The above cited definitions Mongolian compound adjectives are similar with English compound adjectives Dulmaa günž Arsland hundagataj arhi devšüülž, saihan nüd hüslijg badruulan, taataj hццrhцn uruul n mišeež, dun tsagaan šüd n jaralzana (B.Rinčen “Tsogt tajž”MUZD.vol.17. 1997, p.125) Tears leaked out of the crinkled corners of Hagrid’s beetle-black eyes (J. K. Rowling. Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. 1999. 133) similar

13. The overwhelming majority of compound adjectives have attributive function

14. Adverb centered Verb centered Nouncentered Adjective centered There are six main categories of compound adjectives recognized: Phrasal Compound nouns in attributive position

15. Numeral+noun+adjective Adverb+adjective This research work is focused only ‘Adjective-centered’ compound adjectives and can be subdivided in the next four groups Adjective+adjective Noun+adjective

16. Adjective+adjective compound adjectives

17. We can observe this formation of compound adjectives used as English in Mongolian

19. Noun+adjective compound adjectives

20. Very frequent pattern is the one containing -free as the second lexical element. Such compound can be semantically analyzed as lacking given property, e.g. worry-free means without any worries. This pattern is also used for expressing comparison, e.g. rock-solid: as solid as a rock. In this category are often colors and their hyponyms as e.g. chocolate-brown.

21. This type is one of the most frequent in Mongolian

22. Numeral+noun+adjective compound adjectives This pattern appears to be well-established for age reference and it is highly productive in English. It is always hyphenated and contains three lexical elements. For example: She has afour-year-old son. This pattern appears in Mongolian very rarely, because numeral is in Mongolian an independent category of word classes.

23. Adverb+adjective compound adjectives This pattern is not very common in English. For example: Having loads of money isn't a huge advantage and the product is not all-important at first. Managing information or creating new products has become all-important. If we use adverbs before of adjectives in Mongolian, it would not create new words, but instead the adjectives meaning is intensified. For example: Mašdelgerhangai min mal sürgeerbajan.

24. 1 L. Bauer defines a compound as a lexeme which must contain at least two potential stems; R.V. Adams sees a compound as a result of fixed combinations of two lexemes, free forms. The order of lexemes creating a compound is fixed and cannot be changed. The above cited definitions are similar with Mongolian compound adjectives. 2 Conclusion In Mongolian, to replace the first sound of the constituents by m, z, s these adjective semantics are becoming plural words. For example: žižig sažig, aar saar, цndцr mцndцr, alag malag, etc. However, in the English compound adjectives, they could not be found in that pattern.

25. 2 For example: Dulmaa günž Arsland hundagataj arhi devšüülž, saihan nüd hüslijg badruulan, taataj hццrhцn uruul n mišeež, dun tsagaan šüd n jaralzana (B.Rinčen “Tsogt tajž” MUZD.vol.17.1997, p.125) Tears leaked out of the crinkled corners of Hagrid’s beetle-black eyes (J. K. Rowling. Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. 1999. 133)

26. 3 English and Mongolian compound adjectives are similar with fixed combinations of two lexemes. We analyzed the four patterns of compound adjectives. Therefore, we want to point out that adjective+adjective and noun+adjectivetypes are the most frequent in Mongolian and English compound adjectives.

27. Thank YouFor attention! 10.04.2013