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An Underground Palace

An Underground Palace. The Tomb of Marquis Yi Died, 433 BCE. Coffin was wood and bronze and weighed over 7000 pounds (double coffin) 10 metric tons of bronze artifacts Furnished with weapons and armor Offerings of food and drink in bronze containers Many other luxury items

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An Underground Palace

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  1. An Underground Palace The Tomb of Marquis Yi Died, 433 BCE

  2. Coffin was wood and bronze and weighed over 7000 pounds (double coffin) 10 metric tons of bronze artifacts Furnished with weapons and armor Offerings of food and drink in bronze containers Many other luxury items Accompanied in death by 21 young women (13 were musicians/dancers, 8 were concubines) and a dog in its own coffin Astonishing discovery in archaeology in 1977

  3. Unbelievable wealth and power Model of the tomb layout Aerial Photograph of the excavation

  4. Two distinct musical instrument ensembles, with more than 30 instruments Strings, winds, drums, stone chimes, and 65 tuned bronze bells Musically very sophisticated for the ancient world Apparently an important man… Bianzhong- 65 bronze bells

  5. The bells needed 5 players Were struck with wooden mallets Each bell has two tones, depending on whether it is struck on the center or the side This is apparently possible because the bells have an almond shaped cross section 5 octave range, with inscriptions detailing the notation Se, qin, zhu were stringed instruments in the tomb; Flutes, xiao, and sheng Sheng was made from one piece of wood “orchestra”

  6. Jiangnan (Changjiang) is the Chinese name for the Yangtze River Two major categories of music The instruments are winds and strings which are struck, bowed, or plucked Jiangnan Sizhu (province) Silk and bamboo music Marco Polo called this area “Venice of the East”

  7. “Jiangnan sizhu music used to be played by hired instrumentalists at weddings and in local opera but it is better known as an amateur music today, most typically … in tea shops…” “In China, the skills of professional performers have always been appreciated, but music professionals themselves were typically held in low esteem before the twentieth century, which meant that amateur musicians wanted to learn the music but not be taken for professionals.” Quote from text, p. 377

  8. Zhou Zhuang (city in Jiangnan Sizhu province) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwmCzfTcaZ8 • Sometimes the mixing of cultures works better than others….ahem…. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1I3k2sOiCM • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Du85p5PAW1o • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=myiSnTwOPDQ&feature=related

  9. Ancient Chinese categories of musical instruments • Silk (strings) • Bamboo (flutes) • Metal (bells) • Stone (tuned chimes) • Gourds (hollowed out) • Earth (clay ocarinas) • Leather or Skin (drums) • Wood (clappers) • FABULOUS LECTURE FROM THE MET IN NEW YORK (37 minutes) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0gP5y-E72Wo

  10. Music to accompany the fabulous lecture from the Met • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B-Y4ncLy9LA&feature=channel • (1 hour 15 minutes or so)

  11. Examples of traditional instruments • Qin: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X3Ukm37HbE0 • Pipa: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N6vc-ss6V4c&feature=related • Sheng: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QCjFgpw_Fvc&feature=related (traditional) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GndoDa0nBl0&feature=related (modern)

  12. http://www.amazon.com/Erhu-Chinese-Violin-Bow-Case/dp/B001C9DXMAhttp://www.amazon.com/Erhu-Chinese-Violin-Bow-Case/dp/B001C9DXMA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L_K54nEqfSo&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6V9JinlbpHw Erhu

  13. Sheng Pipa Qin

  14. Google and China • Nicholas Kristof of the NY Times • http://kristof.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/03/24/china-and-google/

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