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Bellwork

Bellwork. Look at the photograph on page 214 of your packets and answer the two questions below? What is the issue that workers are concerned about? How can you tell that the labor movement includes different immigrant groups? . The New Immigrants . Objectives.

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Bellwork

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  1. Bellwork • Look at the photograph on page 214 of your packets and answer the two questions below? • What is the issue that workers are concerned about? • How can you tell that the labor movement includes different immigrant groups?

  2. The New Immigrants

  3. Objectives • At the end of this lesson you will be able to • Describe changes in immigration patterns in the late 1800’s • Understand where and how immigrants settled and the jobs they took. • Explain the process of assimilation and efforts to restrict immigration

  4. Essential Questions • What were the experiences of immigrants entering the United States in New York, California, and Texas • What did the process of assimilation mean for the new immigrants • How did native-born Americans respond to the new immigrants • Why did the United States begin to restrict immigration in the 1880’s

  5. Key Vocabulary and Concepts • New Immigrants • Ellis Island • Angel Island • Melting Pot • Assimilation • Chinese Exclusion Act

  6. The New Immigrants Anticipatory • Take a moment and look at this picture. • Now Close your eyes and put yourself in the 10 year old Edward Corsi position and listen to what he said • Pg. 212 Like Edward Corsi, thousands of immigrants crossed paths with the Statue of Liberty in “HOPE” for a better life!

  7. Old Immigrants • 10 million immigrants came between 1800 and 1900. • Northern and Western Europe. • Most were Protestant Christians, and their cultures were similar to the original settlers. • They came • to escape political turmoil, • religious freedom • fleeing poverty and starvation. • Most immigrants came for • economic opportunity, attracted to the open farm land in the United States. • Chinese immigrants had been lured by the gold rush and jobs building railroads.

  8. New Immigrants • 1880-1910 • 18 million immigrants came to America • Southern and Easter Europe • Roman Catholics, Orthodox Christians, and Jews and many other religions • Asians entered US on the West Coast through Angel Island • Some Immigrants entered through Texas • Immigration changed the makeup of the US after 1910 • 1 in 12 Americans were now foreign born

  9. Old and New Comparisons

  10. Question • What were some of the main reasons Immigrants came to America? • Religious Persecution • Poverty • Economic opportunity • HOPE – “if you’re willing to work hard in America, prosperity is possible”

  11. Entering United States • First stop for immigrants on the east coast was • Ellis Island • Processed by • Physical Examination • Medical Examination • Legal Examination • Immigrants could not leave until they were completely cleared and fit to enter the United States • Those with disabilities, disease, or lacking money were sent back to their homeland.

  12. Entering the United States Cont. • The first stop for Asians on the West Coast • Angel Island • Physical Examinations • Medical Examinations • Legal Examinations • Unlike Ellis Island conditions at Angel Island were bad • Filthy, rundown buildings • Poor food and water • Chines often waited months to be cleared to enter US

  13. Settling in America • Immigrants settled where they could find jobs • Many found work in factories in New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and Chicago • Immigrants stuck to their own kind • To help find jobs and housing • Ethnic backgrounds stayed in same neighborhoods • Ethnic neighborhoods like Little Italy and Chinatown sprung up • Immigrants pooled money to • Build churches for worship • Published newspapers • Supported political machines to help find work

  14. Question • Why was it important for immigrants to remain with people with similar ethnic backgrounds • Jobs • Housing • Language barriers with natives • Similar experiences • Cultural experiences • Equal treatment and protection

  15. Immigrants Take Tough Jobs • Immigrants took whatever jobs available • Low wages, long hours, poor and unsafe conditions • Found jobs in sweatshops for about $ 10 a week • European immigrants worked mainly in factories • Chinese and Mexican immigrants worked on • Railroads • Restaurants • Stores • Farms

  16. Question • How does immigration in 1910 compare to Immigration occurring today in terms of jobs? • Both are comparable • Immigrants continue to take whatever job is available • Chinese workers still primarily work in restaurants and stores • Farmland jobs are still primarily provided to immigrants • Immigrants have a tough time assimilating into the culture of the United States and stick to themselves

  17. Becoming American • After 1910 the United States became a “Melting Pot” • A place where cultures blend • The Classroom is a big Melting Pot of cultures • Immigrants learned to assimilate into society • Assimilation – blending into society • Employers and Unions tried to “Americanize” immigrants • Offered classes in citizenship and English • Taught immigrants to read and speak English • As immigrants learned about America, they were changing America by not giving up their own identity and culture

  18. Becoming American Cont. • Despite assimilating into society • Immigrants faced • Prejudices from Native-Born Americans • Religious persecution • Natives felt immigrants were controlled by political machines • Native born favoritism and lack of jobs • Restrictions

  19. Question • Why do you think it was important that immigrants become “Americanized” • Communicate • Fight for rights • Work with Unions • Find better jobs

  20. Restriction to Immigration • Native born feared competition for jobs due to • Lower wages immigrants were willing to work for • Native fears lead to • Opposition of immigrants • Congress passing laws on immigration • Placed taxes on new immigrants • Banned specific groups such as beggars and people with disease • Nonwhites faced deeper prejudices than Europeans • Asians faced the worst prejudices • 1882 Congress Passed the Chinese Exclusion Act • Banned Chinese immigration for ten years

  21. Questions • How were the new immigrants different from earlier immigrants • They were from southern and eastern Europe versus earlier ones who came from northern and western Europe • How did immigrants support one another? • Find housing, work, and settled together in neighborhoods • Why did nonwhite immigrants have a harder time assimilating than European immigrants did? • Nonwhites were easier to target with discrimination

  22. Summary • Old Immigrants came from Northern and Western Europe • New Immigrants came from Southern and Eastern Europe • Immigrants changed America after 1910 with 1 in 12 foreign born • Immigrants came to American on hope of escaping poverty, religious persecution, and for a better life in the land of opportunity

  23. Summary Cont. • European Immigrants entered US at Ellis Island • Asian Immigrants entered US at Angel Island • Mexican Immigrants entered US through Texas • Immigrants were processed by physical, medical, and legal examination to determine if allowed in country • Those not fit were sent back to homeland • Once in US, immigrants would take whatever job was available • Lead to poor wages and unsafe working conditions

  24. Summary Cont. • Assimilation lead to native born fearing immigrants • Restrictions were placed on immigrants • Placing taxes on new immigrants • Banning specific groups • 1882 Congress Passed the Chinese Exclusion Act banning Chinese immigrants for ten years.

  25. Summary Cont. • European Immigrants settled in New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, and Chicago in factory jobs • Asians and Mexicans settled in the south working on railroads, restaurants, stores, and farmland • Resulting from a high number of immigrants in the US, the US became known as the “Melting Pot” • A blend of cultures • Immigrants assimilated into society by taking classes in citizenship and English classes

  26. Summary Cont. • Immigrants arrived in the United States with a hope and dream to make a better life for themselves. In turn, they changed the cultural landscape and enable the industrialization movement to prosper. The melting pot society we have today is a result of the assimilation of immigrants into society in the late 1800’s. Today, we still face the same challenges with immigration and prejudices still occur against those from different cultures. America is still and will always be a land of opportunity with the Statue of Liberty welcoming those who seek a better future.

  27. Questions

  28. Homework • Over the weekend study for Formative on this Section • Complete your notes for this chapter if not completed

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