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Cell Growth Chapter 10

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Cell Growth Chapter 10. The method behind how YOU grow. By the end of this lesson you will be able to:. Explain why cells must stay small Describe the steps of the cell cycle List the main events that occur during each stage of mitosis (M phase). Think about these….

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Cell Growth Chapter 10

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  1. Cell GrowthChapter 10 The method behind how YOU grow

  2. By the end of this lesson you will be able to: • Explain why cells must stay small • Describe the steps of the cell cycle • List the main events that occur during each stage of mitosis (M phase)

  3. Think about these….. • How did you get from a single celled zygote (egg + sperm cell) to the size you are today? • Could you be one big cell? Why or why not?

  4. The key to your size…. • Cell growth by cell division • Reasons for cell division: • Big cells have too many demands placed on the DNA • Big cells can’t get enough nutrients in or wastes out by just using the cell membrane • What takes up a cell’s volume??? • What takes up a cell’s surface area???

  5. Cell volume: Surface area If a cell became too large it would not be able to provide for itself because it couldn’t get enough nutrients through its limited surface area

  6. Egg-speriment #2 In conclusion? Can a big cell survive? Why or why not?

  7. The solution to growth is…. CELL DIVISION!!!!!

  8. Also called the M phase Two Main Stages of cell division or reproduction: • Mitosis – division of the nucleus • Cytokinesis – division of the cytoplasm WAIT!!!!!! FIRST the cell must prepare to divide its nucleus and its cytoplasm!!!! HOW?!?!?!?!

  9. Let’s take a closer look at this! INTERPHASEPreparation for Cell Division 3 parts of interphase: • G1 phase – the cell increases in size • S phase – DNA replication • G2 phase – cell preparation

  10. DNA vocabulary • DNA – genetic information in the nucleus • Chromosomes – organized structures made of DNA wrapped around proteins that condense and become visible before the M phase • Chromatin – the unorganized strands of DNA • Sister Chromatids – identical copies of a chromosome that form during the S phase

  11. Pipe Cleaner Chromosomes What does one pipe cleaner represent? What does the second pipe cleaner represent? What does the beaded center represent? Centromere = the area of attachment for sister chromatids

  12. Now lets look at the M phase http://www.cellsalive.com/cell_cycle.htm

  13. PMAT P = Prophase M = Metaphase A = Anaphase T= Telophase Fill out your worksheets as we go through these steps

  14. Prophase

  15. Metaphase

  16. Anaphase

  17. Telophase & Cytokinesis

  18. Genetics Related Vocabulary • Diploid – 2n, refers to a normal human body cell that has to sets of chromosomes – one from the mother and one from the father • Haploid – n, refers to a sex cell (gamete) that has only one set of chromosomes

  19. Okay, then… • How many chromosomes are in human body cells? • How many chromosomes are in human gametes, or sex cells?

  20. Haploid Cell What is this?

  21. Diploid Cell What sex is this individual?

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