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EG280 Computer Science for Engineers

EG280 Computer Science for Engineers. Fundamental Concepts Chapter 1. Computing Systems: Hardware and Software. A computer is a machine designed to perform operations specified with a set of instructions called a program . Hardware refers to the computer equipment.

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EG280 Computer Science for Engineers

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  1. EG280Computer Science for Engineers Fundamental Concepts Chapter 1

  2. Computing Systems:Hardware and Software • A computer is a machine designed to perform operations specified with a set of instructions called a program. • Hardware refers to the computer equipment. • keyboard, mouse, terminal, hard disk, printer • Software refers to the programs that describe the steps we want the computer to perform. EG280 CS for Engineers

  3. Internal Memory External Memory CPU Processor Input Output ALU Computer Hardware • CPU - Central processing unit • ALU - Arithmetic and logic unit • ROM - Read only memory • RAM - Random access memory EG280 CS for Engineers

  4. Computer Software • Operating System - Provides an interface with the user • unix, windows, linux, ... • Software Tools • word processors (MicrosoftWord, WordPerfect, ...) • spreadsheet programs (Excel, Lotus1-2-3, ...) • mathematical computation tools (MATLAB, MathCAD, ...) • Computer Languages • machine (binary) language • assembly language • high level languages (C, C++, Ada, Fortran, Basic, java) EG280 CS for Engineers

  5. Executing a Computer Program C language source code Other object modules Compile Linker Machine language (object code) Error Messages Executable Code (.exe) Other useful information Other useful information EG280 CS for Engineers

  6. Key Terms • Source Program - printable/Readable Program file • Object Program - nonprintable machine readable file • Executable Program - nonprintable executable code • Syntax errors - reported by the compiler • Linker errors - reported by the linker • Execution/Run-time errors - reported by the operating system • Logic errors - not reported EG280 CS for Engineers

  7. The C Programming Language • General purpose, machine-independent language • Developed at Bell Labs in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie • American National Standards Institute(ANSI) approved ANSI C standard in 1989 • Today, much C-language programming is done with C++, an object-oriented programming language EG280 CS for Engineers

  8. Table 1.2 Software Life-Cycle Phases PhasePercent of Effort Definition 3 Specification 15 Coding and modular testing 14 Integrated testing 8 Maintenance 60 EG280 CS for Engineers

  9. An Engineering Problem-Solving Methodology • 1. PROBLEM STATEMENT • 2. INPUT/OUTPUT DESCRIPTION • 3. HAND EXAMPLE • 4. ALGORITHM DEVELOPMENT • 5. TESTING EG280 CS for Engineers

  10. First Program – Sum of Two Numbers /******************************************************************/ /* Program chapter1 */ /* */ /* This program computes the sum two numbers */ #include <stdio.h> int main(void) { /* Declare and initialize variables. */ double number1 = 473.91, number2 = 45.7, sum; /* Calculate sum. */ sum = number1 + number2; /* Print the sum. */ printf(“The sum is %5.2f \n”, sum); /* Exit program. */ return 0; } /***************************************************************************/ EG280 CS for Engineers

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