1 / 16

Roots, Stems, and Leaves

Roots, Stems, and Leaves. Life before reproduction. Reproduction is essential to a species’ success Plants have to grow to the point that they are mature enough, and healthy enough, to reproduce. Roots, stems, and leaves are the workhorse structures of plants. Roots.

kato-phelps
Télécharger la présentation

Roots, Stems, and Leaves

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Roots, Stems, and Leaves

  2. Life before reproduction • Reproduction is essential to a species’ success • Plants have to grow to the point that they are mature enough, and healthy enough, to reproduce. • Roots, stems, and leaves are the workhorse structures of plants.

  3. Roots • Obtain water and dissolved nutrients from soil and mycorrhyzae • Anchor plant • Are point of contact for mycorrhizal fungi

  4. Aerial root Types of roots • Primary root - from embryo • Secondary roots –from primary root • Adventitious roots –from leaf nodes • May be modified for support or defense or … Adventitous roots

  5. http://www.museums.org.za/bio/images/enb7/enb07429x_beetroot.jpghttp://www.museums.org.za/bio/images/enb7/enb07429x_beetroot.jpg http://trc.ucdavis.edu/egsutter/plb171/VisualMaterial/largePhotoSStruc/TubersPic/tuber-potato99lable.jpg Root structures • Tap roots – from primary root • Fibrous roots – from adventitious or secondary roots • Tuberous roots – thickened ROOTS • Tubers are thickened stems Tuberous root Stem, not root

  6. Rhizomes: underground stems, not roots • Rhizomes have nodes and reduced leaves • Rhizomes often root at nodes • Rhizomes enable a plant to spread and reproduce • Rhizomes are most common in mesic and wet habitats

  7. Stems Prickles • Hold up above ground parts of plant; transmit signals • Have leaves and may have branches • Woody or herbaceous • Leaves and branches may be • Opposite • Alternate • Whorled (Verticillate) • May have hairs, prickles, thorns, spines Alternate Spines

  8. Caudex (pl.: caudices) • Woody stem that does not or only scarcely extends above ground

  9. Woody stems also have … • Lenticels • Leaf scars • Bark http://www.virtualherbarium.org/treepuzzle/chars/LENTICELS_ABUNDANCE.html http://www.science.siu.edu/plant-biology/PLB304/TwigPics/AcerSaccharinum.jpg http://home.tiscali.nl/picturesandadicons/dtp/1024x768dtp3/Bark.jpg

  10. Leaves – absolutely vital • Evaporation surface (essential to nutrient transport) • Energy converters • Absorb sunlight • Take in CO2 from air • Release O2 as by-product • Food and shelter for others http://www.huntington.org/BotanicalDiv/TitanPix/leaves.jpg

  11. Leaf structure • Simple • Lobed, Divided, pinnatifid, palmatifid, pedate, cleft, parted http://www.esb.utexas.edu/mbierner/bio406d/images/pics/ast/Ambrosia%20psilostachya%20lf2.jpg http://www.discoverlife.org/nh/tx/Plantae/Dicotyledoneae/Aceraceae/Acer/saccharinum/images/JP80036_61.Simple_leaf_position:Opposite.320.jpg

  12. Compound • Palmately • Pinnately • Odd pin • Even pinnate

  13. Flat, revolute, involute Revolute

  14. Crenate margins Serrate margins Spinose leaf Crisped leaf Dentate margins Undulate leaves Leaf margins • Entire, Crenate, Dentate, Serrate • Crispate or undulate • Spinose

  15. Leaf apices http://www.eeob.iastate.edu/classes/botany306/terminology/vegetative/images/leaves/apices.jpg

  16. Leaf bases and attachment http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/~kenr/prairieplant.terminology/leaf_bases1.jpg

More Related