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Understanding Psychological Disorders: Definitions, Prevalence, and Treatment Approaches

Psychological disorders involve persistently harmful thoughts, feelings, and behaviors categorized as deviant, distressful, or dysfunctional. Historically seen as possessions by demons, the medical model emphasizes mental illnesses as treatable conditions. The DSM-IV and DSM-V serve as essential tools for diagnosis and treatment recommendations, with 450 million people affected globally. Treatment options include inpatient and outpatient care, along with various therapies such as psychoanalysis, humanist approaches, and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Understanding these disorders fosters better awareness and support.

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Understanding Psychological Disorders: Definitions, Prevalence, and Treatment Approaches

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  1. Psychological Disorders

  2. Definition • Psychological disorder-persistently harmful thoughts, feelings and actions. • Must be: Deviant, Distressful and Dysfunctional

  3. The Medical Model • Originally, many believed mental illnesses were caused by demons. • Abusive therapies used. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Izmyru5T_w • The Medical Model-idea that mental illnesses are sicknesses. • Corrected the abuse and reformed hospitals.

  4. Prevalence • 450 million people world wide

  5. DSM-IV (1994) • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders • American Psychiatric Association • New one in 2012 (DSM-V) • Name, describe and predict behavior, suggest treatments • WHO- ICD-10 International Classification of Diseases 10th ed.

  6. DSM-IV • AXIS I – Criteria for clinical syndromes. **MOST of our attention** • AXIS II- Personality Disorder + Mental Retardation • AXIS III- General Medical Conditions • AXIS IV- Psychosocial issues (environment) • AXIS V- Global Assessment Scale 0-100. • 100- excellent functioning • 0- in need of serious help

  7. Treatment Options • Inpatient-Person checks into a facility to receive intense psychological care. • -for more severe cases • Outpatient-Person lives at home but visits treatment facility often to receive treatment.

  8. Therapies Medication Psychoanalysis Humanist Cognitive Behavioral

  9. Behavioral • Behaviorism is primarily concerned with observable behavior, as opposed to internal events like thinking and emotion. • -Can be measured by science!

  10. Psychoanalytical • Unconscious forces control who we are and why we do things. -Heavily influenced by your childhood.

  11. Humanist • Using conscious decision-making in an effort to achieve self-actualization • -A positive environment = positive growth

  12. Cognitive Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development • Sensorimotor Stage • Preoperational Stage • Concrete Operational • Formal Operational

  13. Which one applies best?

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