The cardiopulmonary System and Pressure

1. Chapter 10 The cardiopulmonary System and Pressure

2. 1

3. A. reduced lung size B. enlarged lung size C. cloudy, white areas D. clear, transparent sacs What would you predict to appear on the X-ray of a person with pneumonia?

4. C. cloudy, white areas

5. 2

6. A. It will keep the blood vessels flexible. B. It will keep the blood vessels from hardening prematurely. C. It will enlarge the heart, which increases blood production. D. It will prevent materials from building up on the walls of the vessels. What effect will a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol have on the Circulatory system?

7. D. It will prevent materials from building up on the walls of the vessels.

8. 4

9. A. pipe B. drain C. pump D. faucet Which word best describes the role of the heart?

10. C. pump

11. 8

12. A. increases the surface area B. filters pollutants out of the air C. makes the surface more porous D. blocks the absorption of carbon monoxide How does the structure of bronchioles aid in gas exchange?

13. A. increases the surface area

14. 16

15. A. plasma B. platelets C. hemoglobin D. white blood cells Which component of whole blood is a protein that carries oxygen?

16. C. hemoglobin

17. 32

18. A. vehicle B. roadway C. road map D. traffic signal Which best describes the circulatory system?

19. B. roadway

20. 64

21. Fill in the blank. The diaphragm and rib muscles ___ at the same time.

22. contract

23. 128

24. Fill in the blank. The contraction of the rib muscles and diaphragm causes the rib cage to ___ .

25. expand

26. 256

27. Fill in the blank. When the volume in the lungs expands, the pressure in the alveoli ___ .

28. decreases

29. 512

30. Fill in the blank. When the volume in the lungs expands, Pressure in the lungs is ___ than the atmospheric pressure.

31. Less

32. 1,024

33. Fill in the blank. When the pressure in the lungs is less than atmospheric pressure, Air is then ___ into the lungs.

34. pulled

35. 2,048

36. Fill in the table below listing and describing three diseases or disorders of the pulmonary system. Create a title for the table.

37. Pulmonary Problems Infection due to viruses, bacteria, or fungi that leads to a build up of fluid around the alveoli in the lungs Pneumonia Swelling of the air passage ways, Asthma Blockage of air intake to the lungs Suffocation

38. 4,096

39. A. Katrina’s model is not a good model of the process of bringing air into the lungs. When you inflate a balloon, you push air into the balloon. When air enters the lungs, it is pulled in from the contraction of the diaphragm and ribs and the expansion of the lungs. The change in air pressure pulls the air into the lungs. B. Wow. What a good model Katrina made! Katrina is inflating a balloon to demonstrate to her class how air flows into the lungs. Evaluate how well her model shows the process of the lungs filling with air.

40. A. Katrina’s model is not a good model of the process of bringing air into the lungs. When you inflate a balloon, you push air into the balloon. When air enters the lungs, it is pulled in from the contraction of the diaphragm and ribs and the expansion of the lungs. The change in air pressure pulls the air into the lungs.

41. 8,000

42. A. Nothing would happen. The diaphragm does not need blood to function. B. The diaphragm needs blood to supply it with oxygen in order to function. If the tissue is deprived of oxygen for a period of time, it won’t operate. If the diaphragm cannot contract, the lungs cannot fill with air. Hypothesize What might happen if the blood supply is cut off from the diaphragm?

43. B. The diaphragm needs blood to supply it with oxygen in order to function. If the tissue is deprived of oxygen for a period of time, it won’t operate. If the diaphragm cannot contract, the lungs cannot fill with air.

44. 16,000

45. A. A stroke is a build up of fluid in the lungs. A heart attack is a build up of fluid in the heart. One affects the lungs, the other affects the heart. B. Compare: Both result from the blockage of a blood vessel. Contrast: During a stroke, the brain is deprived of oxygen. In a heart attack, the heart is deprived of blood. Compare and contrast a stroke and a heart attack.

46. B. Compare: Both result from the blockage of a blood vessel. Contrast: During a stroke, the brain is deprived of oxygen. In a heart attack, the heart is deprived of blood.

47. 32,000

48. A. Chest pain, shortness of breath, and pain in his arms and neck are all symptoms of a heart attack. A heart attack results when a vessel is blocked. This interferes with the flow of blood to the heart. B. Benito had some bad shrimp. He should never buy shrimp from a street vender. Benito has chest pain, shortness of breath, and pain in his arms and neck. Consider his symptoms, and think about what he might be experiencing. Explain what is happening in his body.

49. A. Chest pain, shortness of breath, and pain in his arms and neck are all symptoms of a heart attack. A heart attack results when a vessel is blocked. This interferes with the flow of blood to the heart.

50. 64,000